Zwischen Zuschreibungen und Selbstinszenierung : Konstruktionen von Geschlechteridealen und -hierarchien unter Studierenden der Universität Dar es Salaam
Autor/in:
Lehmann, Annika
Quelle: Berlin: Weißensee-Verlag (Berliner Beiträge zur Ethnologie, 37), 2015, 1. Aufl. 120 S
Inhalt: In dieser Arbeit werden die komplexen Aushandlungsprozesse von Geschlechterrollen im universitären Kontext an der Universität Dar es Salaam in Tansania untersucht. Hierbei werden nicht nur geschlechtsspezifische Selbstinszenierungen von „Männlichkeit“ und „Weiblichkeit“ unter Studierenden im universitären Alltagsgeschehen analysiert, sondern auch am Campus vorherrschende Diskurse über Familie, Sexualität, Religion sowie Kleidungs- und Körperstilen im Kontext existierender (Ideal ) Vorstellungen von Geschlechterrollen betrachtet. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie diese Diskurse die alltäglichen Interaktionen zwischen Studierenden, u.a. in Lehrveranstaltungen, prägen. Im abschließenden Teil der Arbeit erfolgt eine Betrachtung der Auswirkungen der analysierten Geschlechterideale im Kontext der sensiblen Thematik von sexual harassment an der Universität. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass Studentinnen einen stetigen Balanceakt im Universitätsalltag vollbringen müssen. Zwar erhalten sie eher soziale Anerkennung über ein attraktives Erscheinungsbild als über gute Noten, jedoch erhöhen schlechte Noten und ein „weibliches“ Auftreten das Risiko sexueller Belästigung. Inhaltlich werden die vielfältigen Aushandlungsprozesse von Geschlechterrollen unter Studierenden an der Universität Dar es Salaam in Tansania untersucht. Hierbei wird betrachtet, wie sich Studierende im Kontext existierender (Ideal-)Vorstellungen von „Männlichkeit“ und „Weiblichkeit“ im universitären Alltag selbst inszenieren. (HRK / Abstract übernommen)
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis, Studium und Studierende, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Guidance to prevent and respond to gender based violence on campus
Herausgeber/in:
University of London SOAS; Equality and Diversity Office
Quelle: University of London SOAS; , 2015.
Inhalt: The guidance outlines initiatives intended to reduce the likelihood of incidents occurring on campus by raising awareness amongst students and staff. It also sets out practical steps for the victims of gender based violence and those people supporting them. The guidance also provides information on what to do if you have been subject to gender based violence, how to seek emergency assistance and deciding what to do next. It also outlines how to support victims of gender based violence, including advice on preservation of forensic evidence, support for international students who are more likely to be away from their support networks, and reporting to the police.
Schlagwörter:Gewalt; Gewalt gegen Frauen; Intervention; sexual bullying; sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Quelle: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18 (2015) 4, S 197-202
Inhalt: From the oversexualized characters in fighting games, such as Dead or Alive or Ninja Gaiden, to the overuse of the damsel in distress trope in popular titles, such as the Super Mario series, the under- and misrepresentation of females in video games has been well documented in several content analyses. Cultivation theory suggests that long-term exposure to media content can affect perceptions of social realities in a way that they become more similar to the representations in the media and, in turn, impact one's beliefs and attitudes. Previous studies on video games and cultivation have often been cross-sectional or experimental, and the limited longitudinal work in this area has only considered time intervals of up to 1 month. Additionally, previous work in this area has focused on the effects of violent content and relied on self-selected or convenience samples composed mostly of adolescents or college students. Enlisting a 3 year longitudinal design, the present study assessed the relationship between video game use and sexist attitudes, using data from a representative sample of German players aged 14 and older (N=824). Controlling for age and education, it was found that sexist attitudes—measured with a brief scale assessing beliefs about gender roles in society—were not related to the amount of daily video game use or preference for specific genres for both female and male players. Implications for research on sexism in video games and cultivation effects of video games in general are discussed.
Schlagwörter:Längsschnittuntersuchung; longitudinal study; Computerspiel; computer game; Sexismus; sexism; Cultivation Theory; cultivation theory; Federal Republic of Germany; Jugendlicher; adolescent; junger Erwachsener; young adult; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Messung; measurement; Einstellung; attitude; CATI; computer-assisted telephone interview; soziale Wirklichkeit; social reality; sexuelle Belästigung; sexual harassment; Wirkungsanalyse; impact analysis; Beeinflussbarkeit; influenceability
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Quelle: Die Hochschule: Journal für Wissenschaft und Bildung, 24 (2015) 2, S 115–128
Inhalt: Das Thema sexuelle Gewalt gegen Studentinnen
und Studenten an Universitäten
und die Frage, ob und wie die Hochschulen
darauf reagieren, findet zunehmend
auch in Deutschland Beachtung,
nachdem es in den USA bereits seit vielen
Jahren im Fokus steht. Hierzulande
wird gefragt, ob solche amerikanischen
Verhältnisse sowohl den Skandal der Übergriffe als auch die Reaktionen
der Hochschulen deutlich auf hiesige Verhältnisse zu übertragen sind.
Deutsche Hochschulen agieren ambivalent: Zum einen verzichtet
kaum eine auf formale universitäre Richtlinien gegen sexuelle Belästigung
und Gewalt am Campus, zum anderen wird der Thematik keine hohe
Priorität gegeben, da ein eher geringer Handlungsbedarf vermutet
wird. Das ist den Hochschulen auch kaum vorzuwerfen: Die Mitteilungsrate
ist gering; ein Aufschrei hinsichtlich eines täglichen Sexismus gerade
an Hochschulen durch Betroffene ist fast nicht zu hören, und die Gesetzgebung
ist weit davon entfernt, das soziale Miteinander der scientific
community im föderalen Hochschulbildungssystem zu reglementieren.
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Sexism At The Centre : Locating The Problem Of Sexual Harassment
Autor/in:
Whitley, Leila; Page, Tiffany
Quelle: New Formations, 86 (2015) , S 34–53
Inhalt: In this article we discuss the sexual harassment that occurs within academic institutions between academic staff and students. Our interest is in analysing the ways that sexism and sexual harassment are enabled and sustained in the university environment. In particular, we are interested in interrogating the power that occurs in these relationships, and how the nature of this relation makes it difficult for students to name and refuse the harassment that occurs. We argue that sexism conceals itself through its continual movement, and that sexual harassment is perpetuated within universities through tactics that relocate the problem away from the individual and the institution. In this way, sexual harassment disappears: the problem never appears as a problem of sexual harassment. Instead, it appears as a number of other shifting problems which include the problem of the women who complain and the harm caused to academic reputations. The slipperiness of sexism means it comes to be re-circulated through social and institutional structures that keep sexual harassers in place, because sexism and sexual harassment appear always out of reach. Mechanisms within the institution set up to address sexual harassment work not only to distance the institution from responsibility for the harassment, but also to hide the harassment even in the moment when women and their allies are insistently working to try to make it appear.
Neoliberalisation and ‘Lad Cultures’ in Higher Education
Autor/in:
Phipps, Alison; Young, Isabel
Quelle: Sociology, 49 (2015) 2, S 305–322
Inhalt: This article links HE neoliberalisation and ‘lad cultures’, drawing on interviews and focus groups with women students. We argue that retro-sexist ‘laddish’ forms of masculine competitiveness and misogyny have been reshaped by neoliberal rationalities to become modes of consumerist sexualised audit. We also suggest that neoliberal frameworks scaffold an individualistic and adversarial culture amongst young people that interacts with perceived threats to men’s privilege and intensifies attempts to put women in their place through misogyny and sexual harassment. Furthermore, ‘lad cultures’, sexism and sexual harassment in higher education may be rendered invisible by institutions to preserve marketability in a neoliberal context. In response, we ask if we might foster dialogue and partnership between feminist and anti-marketisation politics.
Schlagwörter:culture; higher education; Marketing; neoliberal university; sexism; sexual harassment; sexuality; UK
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Studium und Studierende, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Violence against women: an EU-wide survey : Survey methodology, sample and fieldwork - Technical Report
Autor/in:
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
Quelle: Luxembourg, 2014. 108 S
Inhalt: This is the first European Union (EU)-wide survey to collect comparable data on women’s experiences of gender-based violence in all 28 EU Member States. The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) carried out the survey in response to a request from the European Parliament for data on violence against women, which the Council of the EU reiterated in its Conclusions on the eradication of violence against women in the EU.
This report presents a detailed overview of the research methods used by FRA when collecting survey data on women’s personal experiences of various forms of violence. FRA started to develop the survey through desk research and stakeholder consultations in 2010, followed by a pretest study in six EU Member States in 2011 to test a draft questionnaire. The full-scale survey in the EU-28 was carried out in 2012. The survey interviewed a total of 42,000 women – 1,500 in each of the 28 EU Member States, with the exception of Luxembourg, where the sample size was 900 women. Respondents were selected using a random probability methodology to give a representative sample of the female population aged 18–74 years in each country. All respondents were interviewed face to face by female interviewers, who received training in person to address the topics covered in the survey. The training included measures to ensure that the interviewers carried out the interviews in a sensitive and confidential manner.
Schlagwörter:method; Methodenbericht; sample size; Survey; violence against women; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt; sexual harassment; sexual violence;
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
What Students Say About Gender Violence Within Universities
Autor/in:
Vidu, Ana; Schubert, Tinka; Muñoz, Beatriz; Duque, Elena
Quelle: Qualitative Inquiry, 20 (2014) 7, S 883–888
Inhalt: Gender violence in Spanish universities remains a taboo that is in the process of transformation. The first research on this issue was conducted between 2005 and 2008. The main objective was to “break the silence” about violence against women in Spanish academia. To achieve this aim, data collection was conducted through mixed communicative methods. For the interviewees, the context created by this research made it possible for the first time to establish a space to speak openly about this problem, in contrast to the existing context in which aggressors have remained unpunished. The inclusion of students’ voices together with those of administrative staff and professors allowed for the identification of situations of gender violence. This research has had a significant impact on Spanish universities’ policies. Despite some institutional barriers that make the implementation of structural changes more difficult, many offices for equality and protocols against
gender violence have been created.
Schlagwörter:communicative methodology; gender-based violence; sexual harassment; sexuelle Belästigung; Spain; Spanien; Student; Universität; university
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Mainstreaming domestic and gender-based violence into sociology and the criminology of violence
Autor/in:
Walby, Sylvia; Towers, Jude; Francis, Brian
Quelle: The Sociological review, 62 (2014) S2, S 187–214
Inhalt: Sociological and criminological views of domestic and gender-based violence generally either dismiss it as not worthy of consideration, or focus on specific groups of offenders and victims (male youth gangs, partner violence victims). In this paper, we take a holistic approach to violence, extending the definition from that commonly in use to encompass domestic violence and sexual violence. We operationalize that definition by using data from the latest sweep of the Crime Survey for England and Wales. By so doing, we identify that violence is currently under-measured and ubiquitous; that it is gendered, and that other forms of violence (family violence, acquaintance violence against women) are equally of concern. We argue that violence studies are an important form of activity for sociologists.
Schlagwörter:gender-based violence; geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt; Gewaltforschung; häusliche Gewalt; violence against women
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Working with Men and Boys to Prevent Gender-based Violence
Autor/in:
Peacock, Dean; Barker, Gary
Quelle: Men and Masculinities, 17 (2014) 5, S 578–599
Inhalt: In spite of tremendous progress toward including gender equality as a global goal - included in numerous UN conventions and the Millennium Development Goals - much progress remains to be made. Men’s violence against women remains a pervasive feature of life in every country in the world. Increasing attention is being paid to engaging men and boys to end men’s violence. Programs and policies have been successfully piloted by nongovernmental organizations across the world and shown to promote important and positive change in men’s gender-related attitudes and practices, including in reducing men’s use of violence against women. Since the International Conference on Population and Development in 1994, national governments and UN agencies have steadily adopted and implemented policies and community-based interventions intended to change social norms about gender and masculinities. As cross-pollination happens across countries and regions, work with men and boys for gender equality has become more complex, ambitious, and visible, generating important synergies and successes, and some resistance. This article examines the rationale for that work; describes key findings from multicountry studies about the relationship between notions of masculinities and men’s gender-related practices; documents key principles guiding much gender equality work with men and boys; identifies emerging strategies and proposes key next steps to increase the scale, impact, and sustainability of gender transformative work with men and boys.
Schlagwörter:gender equality; gender-based violence; Gewalt gegen Frauen; Junge; Masculinities; Maskulinität; men; violence against women
CEWS Kategorie:Gleichstellungspolitik, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt