Student feminist activism to challenge gender based violence
Autor/in:
Lewis, Ruth; Marine, Susan
Quelle: Gender based violence in university communities. Sundari Anitha (Hrsg.), Ruth Lewis (Hrsg.). Bristol: Policy Press.. 2018, S 129–147
Inhalt: In the midst of growing attention to and concern about gender based violence (GBV) in universities, a key piece in the jigsaw of responses to GBV are student activists who resist GBV and supporting cultures. This activism has attracted criticism from some quarters which caricatures students as delicate, precious and easily offended, resorting to silencing those they deem to cause offence, thereby threatening freedom of speech. In this environment where voicing resistance, silencing, and freedom of speech are coexisting realities, this chapter explores how feminist communities help young feminists to find their voice to say the unsayable.
Schlagwörter:sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Studierende mit Kind: Vereinbarkeit und Flexibilität als Studienerfolgsfaktoren
Quelle: Öffnung von Hochschulen. Impulse zur Weiterentwicklung von Studienangeboten. Imke Bußg (Hrsg.), Manfred Erbsland (Hrsg.), Peter Rahn (Hrsg.), Philipp Pohlenz (Hrsg.). Wiesbaden: Springer VS. 2018, S 107–131
Inhalt: Etwa sechs Prozent der Studierenden an deutschen Hochschulen haben Kinder (Middendorff et al. 2017). In den letzten Jahren wurden zahlreiche Programme und Aktivitäten gestartet, um die Studiengänge für Studierende mit Kind besser studierbar zu gestalten. Es handelt sich um von den Hochschulen selbst initiierten Aktivitäten im Rahmen des Audits Familienfreundliche Hochschule, aber auch um durch das BMBF-Programm Aufstieg durch Bildung: offene Hochschule angestoßene Maßnahmen.
Schlagwörter:Studienbedingungen; Studierende mit Kind
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Why Do Women Co-Operate More in Women's Groups?
Autor/in:
Fearon, James D.; Humphreys, Macartan
Quelle: Towards Gender Equity in Development. Oxford, 2018, S 217-236
Inhalt: A substantial amount of development programming assumes that women have preferences or aptitudes that are more conducive to economic development. For example, conditional cash transfer programmes commonly deliver funding to female household heads, and many microcredit schemes focus on women’s savings groups. This chapter examines a public goods game in northern Liberia. Women contributed substantially more to a small-scale development project when playing with other women than in mixed-gender groups, where they contributed at about the same levels as men. We try to explain this composition effect using a structural model, survey responses, and a second manipulation. Results suggest women in the all-women group put more weight on co-operation regardless of the value of the public good, the fear of discovery, or the desire to match others’ behaviour. We conjecture that players have stronger motivation to signal public-spiritedness when primed to consider themselves representatives of the women of the community.
Schlagwörter:economic development (on national level); Wirtschaftsentwicklung; Kollektivverhalten; Liberia; woman; collective behavior; Liberia; gender-specific factors; nonmarket good; Westafrika; West Africa; öffentliches Gut; gender; microcredit schemes; public goods; women's savings groups
SSOAR Kategorie:Entwicklungsländersoziologie, Entwicklungssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
A continuum of acceptability: understanding young people's views on gender based violence
Autor/in:
Sundaram, Vanita
Quelle: Gender based violence in university communities. Sundari Anitha (Hrsg.), Ruth Lewis (Hrsg.). Bristol: Policy Press. 2018, S 23–39
Inhalt: There is an increasing focus on sexual violence in higher education in the UK. A growing body of research suggests that experiences of sexual harassment and violence are widespread in university communities (Phipps and Young, 2013). Recent research also suggests that institutional knowledge and action to tackle sexual harassment and violence (often described as ‘lad culture’) is sparse, with most universityled initiatives adopting a reactive and, often, punitive approach (Jackson and Sundaram, 2015). Violencepreventioninitiatives in higher education are not yet well-developed.
Schlagwörter:sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
'Lad culture' and sexual violence against students
Autor/in:
Phipps, Alison
Quelle: Gender based violence in university communities. Sundari Anitha (Hrsg.), Ruth Lewis (Hrsg.). Bristol: Policy Press. 2018, S 41–59
Inhalt: This chapter addresses the issue of sexual violence against students and the concept of ‘lad culture’ which has been used to frame this phenomenon in the UK and has connections to similar debates around masculinities in other countries. This issue is much-researched and debated but under-theorised and, due to a lack of intersectionality, radical feminist frameworks around violence against women are useful but incomplete. The chapter sketches a more nuanced approach to the understanding of campus sexual violence and the masculine cultures that frame it, which also engages with the intersecting structures of patriarchy and neoliberalism.
Schlagwörter:sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Migrant Status and Lone Motherhood - Risk Factors of Female Labour Force Participation in Switzerland
Autor/in:
Milewski, Nadja; Struffolino, Emanuela; Bernardi, Laura
Quelle: Lone Parenthood in the Life Course. Cham (Life course research and social policies), 2018, S 141-163
Inhalt: Compared to non-migrant mothers in couples, migrant lone mothers face a much higher risk of being out of the labour market, given that both lone motherhood and international migration have been shown to be strongly related to non-employment. In this chapter, we analyse the labour force participation of immigrant women and non-migrants living in Switzerland, and compare them by distinguishing between mothers in couples and lone mothers. We use data from the Swiss Labour Force Survey (wave 2008; N = 6814). These data allow us to account for intra-group variation among the immigrants by distinguishing them by their migrant generation and their country of origin. The analyses include women aged 20–54 who were living with at least one child under age 18. The dependent variable in the multinomial regression analyses is employment status, differentiating between full-time employment, long and short part-time employment, and non-employment. Results indicate that lone motherhood prevalence is similar among migrant and Swiss mothers (11%). In both groups, lone mothers are less likely to be in employment than mothers in couples. However, we find variation among lone mothers by migrant status: migrants have a higher non-employment rate overall. Among the employed women, migrant lone mothers tend to work full time, whereas non-migrant lone mothers tend to work part time. For lone mothers being an international migrant is therefore associated with an increased risk not only of being out of the labour force, but also of facing difficulties linked to work-family reconciliation. These results are relevant for the design of appropriate policies for migrants, lone parents, and work-family reconciliation, particularly in a societal context like Switzerland, where child care services are insufficient and the number of mothers who work full time is relatively small.
Schlagwörter:Schweiz; Switzerland; woman; Erwerbsbeteiligung; labor force participation; allein erziehender Elternteil; single parent; Migrant; migrant
'Only a Husband Away from Poverty'? Lone Mothers' Poverty Risks in a European Comparison
Autor/in:
Hübgen, Sabine
Quelle: Lone Parenthood in the Life Course. Cham (Life course research and social policies), 2018, S 167-189
Inhalt: Over the last 10 years at-risk-of-poverty rates across Europe have been rather stable or rising only slightly. However, certain demographic groups face comparatively high poverty risks. Lone mothers belong usually to the most affected groups by income poverty - but variations are striking. Though, still little research has been done for explaining this vast variation across Europe. It is argued that institutional arrangements in the labor market and the welfare state shaped by existing gender inequalities have an impact on lone mothers' poverty risks. For instance, in countries where women’s access to (full time) paid work is low and/or the gender pay gap is high, lone mothers are particularly disadvantaged due to the absent (male) partner. Furthermore, the lack of public childcare and a gendered eligibility to social benefits aggravate lone mothers’ poverty risk. I also hypothesize that gendered institutional arrangements mediate the effect of individual characteristics on lone mothers' poverty risks - namely the poverty-reducing effect of employment and the poverty-enhancing effect of children. To prove these hypotheses empirically, I compare 25 European countries running several multi-level models based on pooled EU-SILC data (2009-2012). Results show that existing gender inequalities - particularly the access to full time employment for women and gender-specific welfare eligibility - indeed account for country differences in the level of lone mothers' poverty risk. Furthermore, there is empirical evidence that gender inequalities in the labor market shape the poverty-reducing effect of full time employment. Other specific mechanisms modeled in form of cross-level interactions cannot be supported by the data.
Schlagwörter:Mutterschaft; motherhood; allein erziehender Elternteil; single parent; Armut; poverty; Familienpolitik; family policy; Wohlfahrtsstaat; welfare state; Ungleichheit; inequality; gender-specific factors; Erwerbsbeteiligung; labor force participation; soziale Sicherung; social security; internationaler Vergleich; international comparison; EU; EU
SSOAR Kategorie:Familienpolitik, Jugendpolitik, Altenpolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern an Fachhochschulen
Autor/in:
Löther, Andrea
Quelle: Chancengleichheit in Wissenschaft und Forschung: 22. Fortschreibung des Datenmaterials (2016/2017) zu Frauen in Hochschulen und außerhochschulischen Forschungseinrichtungen. Gemeinsame Wissenschaftskonferenz (GWK). Bonn. 2018, S 1–27
Inhalt: Die Studie untersucht mit statistischen Analysen die Situation von Frauen und Männern an Fachhochschulen. Schwerpunkt sind Studierende und Abschlüsse, wissenschaftliche Weiterqualifikation sowie Professuren mit besonderen Blick auf das Rekrutierungspotenzial. Daneben werden Leitungspositionen und Gremien sowie die Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung an Hochschulen untersucht.
Schlagwörter:Berufungsverfahren; Fachhochschule; Frauen in der Wissenschaft; Führungsposition; Geschlechterverhältnis; Gremien; Professorin; Professur; Statistik; Studierende; Wissenschaftliches Personal
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Statistik und statistische Daten, Geschlechterverhältnis, Berufungsverfahren
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Geschlecht in Raumwissenschaften und -planung
Autor/in:
Hofmeister, Sabine
Quelle: Handwörterbuch der Stadt- und Raumentwicklung. Hannover, 2018, S 823-828
Inhalt: Die Entwicklung von geschlechterorientierten Forschungs- und Planungsansätzen wird dargestellt. Die Kategorie Geschlecht eröffnet verschiedene Zugänge zur Raumanalyse und zur Ableitung von Gestaltungswissen, die im Konzept Gender Mainstreaming zusammengeführt und in Raumforschung und -planung wirksam werden.
SSOAR Kategorie:Raumplanung und Regionalforschung, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung