Inhalt: The literature on gender and science shows that scientific careers continue to be characterised – albeit with important differences among countries – by strong gender discriminations, especially in more prestigious positions. Much less investigated is the issue of which stage in the career such differences begin to show up.
Gender and Precarious Research Careers aims to advance the debate on the process of precarisation in higher education and its gendered effects, and springs from a three-year research project across institutions in seven European countries: Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Iceland, Switzerland, Slovenia and Austria. Examining gender asymmetries in academic and research organisations, this insightful volume focuses particularly on early careers. It centres both on STEM disciplines (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) and SSH (Social Science and Humanities) fields.
Offering recommendations to design innovative organisational policies and self-tailored ‘Gender Equality Plans’ to be implemented in universities and research centres, this volume will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as Gender Studies, Sociology of Work and Industry, Sociology of Knowledge, Business Studies and Higher Education.
Geschlecht als widersprüchliche Institution : Neoinstitutionalistische Implikationen zum Gender-Cage in Organisationen
Herausgeber/in:
Amstutz, Nathalie; Eberherr, Helga; Funder, Maria
Quelle: Baden-Baden: Nomos (Arbeit, Organisation und Geschlecht in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, 7), 2018. 300 Seiten
Inhalt: Mit der Transformation von Industriegesellschaften sind auch die Geschlechterverhältnisse in Bewegung geraten. Organisationen stehen daher zunehmend unter Druck, Fortschritte in Sachen Gleichstellung zu erzielen. Es stellt sich also die Frage, ob und inwieweit sie weiterhin Orte der (Re-)Produktion traditioneller Geschlechternormen und -strukturen bleiben oder zur Transformation des „Gender Cage“ beitragen.
Das Buch bietet aktuelle Forschungsbefunde und neo-institutionalistische Erklärungsansätze zur Re- und Neukonfiguration von Geschlechterdifferenzierungen in Organisationen. Im ersten Teil werden neo-institutionalistische Kernkonzepte (u.a. Institution, Feld, Isomorphie, Entkopplung) aus einer Geschlechterperspektive näher bestimmt. Der zweite Teil konzentriert sich auf den Um-gang mit gesellschaftlichen Gleichstellungserwartungen in For- und Non-Profit-Organisationen und zeigt paradoxe Entwicklungen auf. Der Band liefert neue Erkenntnisse zur Widersprüchlichkeit der Institution Geschlecht.
Gender in Focus : Identities, Codes, Stereotypes and Politics
Herausgeber/in:
Zamfira, Andreea; Montlibert, Christian de; Radu, Daniela
Quelle: Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2018.
Inhalt: This book deals with the interplay between identities, codes, stereotypes and politics governing the various constructions and deconstructions of gender in several Western and non-Western societies (Germany, Italy, Serbia, Romania, Cameroon, Indonesia, Vietnam, and others). Readers are invited to discover the realm of gender studies and to reflect upon the transformative potentialities of globalisation and interculturality.
The gendered modus operandi of the illiberal transformation in Hungary and Poland
Autor/in:
Grzebalska, Weronika; Pető, Andrea
Quelle: Women's Studies International Forum, 68 (2018) , S 164–172
Inhalt: Based on a comparative analysis of the ideological and policy tools of illiberal ruling parties in Hungary and Poland, this paper makes the case that the 21st century Central European illiberal transformation is a process deeply reliant on gender politics, and that a feminist analysis is central to understanding the current regime changes, both in terms of their ideological underpinnings, and with respect to their modus operandi. It argues that: 1. opposition to the liberal equality paradigm has become a key ideological space where the illiberal alternative to the post-1989 (neo)liberal project is being forged; 2. family mainstreaming and anti-gender policies have been one of the main pillars on which the illiberal state has been erected, and through which security, equality and human rights have been redefined; 3. illiberal transformation operates through the appropriation of key concepts, tools and funding channels of liberal equality politics which have been crucial to women's rights. The article describes some new and distinct challenges illiberal governance poses to the women's rights, feminist civil society and emancipatory politics in Hungary and Poland.
Inhalt: Der vorliegende Band nimmt Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Gleichstellungspolitiken, strukturellen Diskriminierungsformen und prekären Arbeitsverhältnissen in der neoliberalen Hochschule in den Blick.
Die Arbeits- und Lebenssituation von Wissenschaftler_innen hat sich in den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten tief greifend verändert. Die fortschreitende Ökonomisierung von Hochschulen und anderen Wissenschaftsorganisationen hat zu einer Zuspitzung von Wettbewerb und Konkurrenz geführt, die sich auch auf die Arbeits- und Wissenschaftskultur auswirkt. Insbesondere der akademische Mittelbau ist von einer verschärften Prekarisierung wissenschaftlicher Arbeitsverhältnisse und Laufbahnen betroffen. Zeitgleich lässt sich eine verstärkte Institutionalisierung von Gleichstellungs- und Diversitypolitiken in der Wissenschaft beobachten. Doch während an den hiesigen Universitäten heute mehr Frauen als je zuvor studieren, promovieren und wissenschaftliche Laufbahnen einschlagen, wirken strukturelle gruppenbezogene Benachteiligungen und Diskriminierungsformen fort. Die Ökonomisierung und Prekarisierung wissenschaftlicher Arbeit sowie die Thematisierung von Geschlechterungleichheit, institutionellem Rassismus und sozialer Selektivität in der Wissenschaft haben in den vergangenen Jahren als Einzelphänomene Aufmerksamkeit erfahren, wurden bislang jedoch nur selten systematisch in Bezug zueinander untersucht.
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Gleichstellungspolitik, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Implicit bias in academia : A challenge to the meritocratic principle and to women's careers - and what to do about it
Autor/in:
League of European Research Universities (LERU)
Quelle: Leuven (Advice Paper, 23), 2018.
Inhalt: This paper examines the mechanisms behind the loss of female talent in academia. It is well known and amply documented that in Europe and elsewhere a significantly larger number of women than men do not reach the higher echelons and leadership positions in academia when compared to the number of entrants into the profession (usually doctoral graduates). Moreover, this situation is generally not improving at a satisfactory rate, although good efforts are undertaken. In a 2012 paper LERU argued that the “leaky pipeline”, as the phenomenon is sometimes called, undermines the quality of research and represents an unacceptable loss for academia, the economy and society. The paper showed what LERU and other universities are and should be doing to address gender imbalances.
Looking at the question of what hampers women’s progression in academic careers, the current paper focuses on the phenomenon of bias. A large body of research points to implicit bias as a significant impediment to women’s advancement in an academic career. Reviewing available evidence, the paper shows how implicit bias plays a role in processes where important career impacting decisions are made, i.e. in academic recruitment, retention and advancement, as well as in the allocation of research funding. The paper sets out possible actions to counter implicit bias. It is targeted at all those responsible for good governance at universities, at research funding organisations at national and European levels, at leaders, policy makers and all other members of the scientific community and society at large.
Gender in the Global Research Landscape : Analysis of research performance through a gender lens across 20 years, 12 geographies, and 27 subject areas
Herausgeber/in:
Elsevier
Quelle: Elsevier; , 2017. 96 S
Inhalt: Critical issues related to gender disparity and bias must be examined by sound studies. Drawing upon our high-quality global data sources, analytical expertise and unique gender disambiguation methodology, Elsevier has produced this comprehensive new report, Gender in the Global Research Landscape, as an evidence-based examination of research performance worldwide through a gender lens and as a vehicle for understanding the role of gender within the structure of the global research enterprise.
This free report covers 20 years, 12 geographies and 27 subject areas, providing powerful insight and guidance on gender research and gender equality policy for governments, funders and institutions worldwide. In addition to global results and trends, Gender in the Global Research Landscape includes thought-provoking interviews with global experts. The report is based on Elsevier’s SciVal and Scopus data combined with name data from social media, applied onomastics, and Wikipedia. The analyses were further informed by input from stakeholder organizations and individuals around the world including the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). We partnered with expert stakeholder organizations and individuals around the world to advise on the report’s development, including the research questions, methodologies, and analytics, and to provide a policy context for the report findings.
Individualized sex equality in transforming Finnish academia
Autor/in:
Lätti, Johanna
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 258–276
Inhalt: This article examines the equality agenda in the context of Finnish university reform in the 21st century. In Finland, the academic regime went through an organizational transformation after the Universities Act in 2009. However, little attention has been paid to the questions of sex or equality. Since the policy influences on equality in education and work are increasingly transnational, this article also observes the role of gender mainstreaming in universities’ equality agenda. The appearance of sex equality is analysed through a variety of documentary materials. The findings indicate the balance between higher educational demands and tightening requirements on equality promotion. Equality work, as a part of human resources, is seen through legislation and provides common good and market advantages. The aims seek to ensure similar treatment between individuals and case-specific anti-discrimination, separating spheres of academic work and private life. The focus is on subjective rights on economic rewards and career opportunities. Yet, confused by the abstract principle of gender mainstreaming, the individually oriented view diverges from the traditional Nordic equality model. The study suggests an evaluation of key concepts and assumptions of equality politics in higher education institutions.
Individualized sex equality in transforming Finnish academia. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317118864_Individualized_sex_equality_in_transforming_Finnish_academia [accessed Jul 7, 2017].
Universitätsmamsellen : Fünf aufgeklärte Frauen zwischen Rokoko, Revolution und Romantik
Autor/in:
Kleßmann, Eckart
Quelle: Berlin: AB - Die Andere Bibliothek (Extradrucke der Anderen Bibliothek), 2017. 336 S
Inhalt: Mit Schirm, Charme und Verstand« Die deutsche Romantik ist wieder ein Thema – und mit ihr Leben und Schicksal von fünf ebenso gescheiten wie attraktiven Göttinger Töchtern, die ihre Angelegenheiten mit erstaunlicher Selbstverständlichkeit und Willenskraft in die eigenen Hände genommen haben. Dorothea Schlözer zum Beispiel, die als erste Frau in Europa den Titel eines Doktors der Philosophie erhielt, ihre Urkunde aber nicht in Empfang nehmen konnte, weil Frauen die heiligen Räume der Universität nicht betreten durften. Oder ihre Freundin Therese Heyne, die noch recht jung den Weltumsegler Georg Forster heiratete, ihn aber später zugunsten des Schriftstellers Ludwig-Ferdinand Huber verließ. Nach dessen Tod leitete sie sieben Jahre lang die Redaktion von Cottas »Morgenblatt«; vermutlich war sie nicht nur in Deutschland die erste Frau, die ein journalistisches Amt von solchem Einfluss versah. Oder Caroline Schlegel, geborene Michaelis, der in der entstehenden jungen Romantik eine bedeutende Aufgabe zufiel.*Dorothea Schlözer, Therese Heyne, Caroline Michaelis, Meta Forkel und Philippine Gatterer: In fünf eindrucksvollen Porträts entwirft Eckart Kleßmann mit Elan und voller Liebe die Bilder einer Galerie der frühen Emanzipation und dokumentiert ein wichtiges, ernstes und zugleich amüsantes Kapitel der Kultur- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte, das erst unsere Zeit ganz zu würdigen vermag. (HRK / Abstract übernommen)