Diversity in diversity policy : The case of the Scandinavian countries
Autor/in:
Kalpazidou Schmidt, Evanthia
Quelle: Human Resource Development International, (2019) , S 1–11
Inhalt: The Scandinavian countries, i.e. Denmark, Norway and Sweden are often described as European leaders within equal opportunity and diversity. However, in spite of the fact that the Scandinavian countries have implemented policies and initiated programmes to ensure gender diversity in all sectors and levels of society since the mid-1970s and beginning of the 1980s, progress is generally slow. Nonetheless, the three countries differ regarding public and political attention on the issue and hence on policies, intensity of implementation and management of gender equality policies. In this article, we focus on the representation of Scandinavian women in leadership positions in larger companies and academia, and discuss the scope and intensity of gender equality policies and their effects. Finally, we highlight key lessons learned from decades of gender equality work in the three countries.
Schlagwörter:Dänemark; Diversität; Frauen in Führungspositionen; Führungsposition; Geschlechterverhältnis; Gleichstellungspolitik; impact assessment; Norwegen; Professorin; Professur; Schweden; Skandinavien; Unternehmen
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Quelle: Gender Work Organ (Gender, Work & Organization), 26 (2019) 2, S 158–179
Inhalt: In this study, we explore how men faculty understand the role of gender in shaping faculty experiences in academic science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and how they position themselves in relation to inequalities disfavouring women. Our data reveal diversity among men in their understandings regarding challenges facing women in STEM. The majority of our participants revealed gender‐blind perspectives and argued that the egalitarian structure of academia does not allow gender to impact attainments in STEM in any significant way. However, a considerable number of them felt privileged compared to women and described subtle ways in which gender shapes opportunities. Our findings show the important implications of men's sensitivity to gender in the ways they perform their professional roles as, for example, mentors, colleagues and teachers in relation to women in STEM. They further call for attention to men's perceptions of gender issues when designing institutional interventions for improving women's conditions in STEM.
The gendered modus operandi of the illiberal transformation in Hungary and Poland
Autor/in:
Grzebalska, Weronika; Pető, Andrea
Quelle: Women's Studies International Forum, 68 (2018) , S 164–172
Inhalt: Based on a comparative analysis of the ideological and policy tools of illiberal ruling parties in Hungary and Poland, this paper makes the case that the 21st century Central European illiberal transformation is a process deeply reliant on gender politics, and that a feminist analysis is central to understanding the current regime changes, both in terms of their ideological underpinnings, and with respect to their modus operandi. It argues that: 1. opposition to the liberal equality paradigm has become a key ideological space where the illiberal alternative to the post-1989 (neo)liberal project is being forged; 2. family mainstreaming and anti-gender policies have been one of the main pillars on which the illiberal state has been erected, and through which security, equality and human rights have been redefined; 3. illiberal transformation operates through the appropriation of key concepts, tools and funding channels of liberal equality politics which have been crucial to women's rights. The article describes some new and distinct challenges illiberal governance poses to the women's rights, feminist civil society and emancipatory politics in Hungary and Poland.
Individualized sex equality in transforming Finnish academia
Autor/in:
Lätti, Johanna
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 258–276
Inhalt: This article examines the equality agenda in the context of Finnish university reform in the 21st century. In Finland, the academic regime went through an organizational transformation after the Universities Act in 2009. However, little attention has been paid to the questions of sex or equality. Since the policy influences on equality in education and work are increasingly transnational, this article also observes the role of gender mainstreaming in universities’ equality agenda. The appearance of sex equality is analysed through a variety of documentary materials. The findings indicate the balance between higher educational demands and tightening requirements on equality promotion. Equality work, as a part of human resources, is seen through legislation and provides common good and market advantages. The aims seek to ensure similar treatment between individuals and case-specific anti-discrimination, separating spheres of academic work and private life. The focus is on subjective rights on economic rewards and career opportunities. Yet, confused by the abstract principle of gender mainstreaming, the individually oriented view diverges from the traditional Nordic equality model. The study suggests an evaluation of key concepts and assumptions of equality politics in higher education institutions.
Individualized sex equality in transforming Finnish academia. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317118864_Individualized_sex_equality_in_transforming_Finnish_academia [accessed Jul 7, 2017].
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 277–297
Inhalt: This paper discusses results of a research project on equal opportunities between women and men in the postdoctoral phase in German universities. It illustrates how the funding system is organized and whether this contributes to more equal opportunities for men and women, especially concerning the work–life interference. Although the system loses women after the doctorial phase, equal opportunity is not a core issue in the promotion of postdoctoral researchers in Germany. Instead, it tends to be addressed indirectly via an array of different compensatory support programmes. One key finding is that certain programmes, such as ‘coaching’, ‘networking’, ‘mentoring’ or financial support, are not offered everywhere, and therefore many postdoctoral researchers do not have the opportunity to utilize them. Furthermore, we found evidence of a gender-specific demand for support programmes. Another finding was that work–life interferences in scientific careers are not addressed by support programmes. The organization of everyday life is not taken into account. Given the context of uncertain career paths in Germany and the unequal working conditions of women and men in academia in Germany, it becomes clear that equal opportunities cannot be realized by ignoring the informal and gendered handling of work-life-balance.
Gleichberechtigt? : Frauen in der bundesdeutschen Geschichtswissenschaft
Autor/in:
Hagemann, Karen
Quelle: Zeithistorische Forschungen/Studies in Contemporary History, Online-Ausgabe, 13 (2016) 1, S 108–135
Inhalt: Ein Debattenbeitrag zur Geschlechterforschung stammt von der in den USA lehrenden Historikerin Karen Hagemann: Sie hat anhand von statistischem Material näher aufgeschlüsselt, wie hoch der Frauenanteil unter den Studierenden, bei Dissertationen, Habilitationen und Professuren vor allem seit den 1970er-Jahren in der bundesdeutschen Geschichtswissenschaft gewesen ist. Das Ergebnis ist ambivalent: Gemessen an der Situation früherer Jahrzehnte hat es bei der Gleichberechtigung unverkennbare Fortschritte gegeben, aber von einer wirklichen Gleichheit in Bezug auf Karrierechancen beider Geschlechter kann in der Geschichtswissenschaft nach wie vor nicht die Rede sein.