Raising Children to Be (In-)Tolerant: Influence of Church, Education, and Society on Adolescents' Stance towards Queer People in Germany
Titelübersetzung:Erziehung zur (In-)Toleranz: Einfluss von Kirche, staatlicher Bildung und Zivilgesellschaft auf die Einstellung Jugendlicher zu sexueller Vielfalt
Autor/in:
Mayerhoffer, Daniel M.
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 43 (2018) 1, S 144-167
Inhalt: There recently was a highly emotional debate in Germany regarding what to teach children about sexual plurality; different actors accuse each other of wrongful indoctrination. This paper presents a computational model based on the results of the SINUS youth study 2016 indicating that the dynamics of adolescents finding their own stance towards sexual plurality are resilient towards external pressure by clerical or government activities. Instead, civil society plays a strong role in the process of children developing their own opinions. This underlines that values in society can be reproduced between generations.
Schlagwörter:education; Meinungsbildung; Wertorientierung; opinion formation; Simulation; attitude formation; tolerance; sexuality; value-orientation; Erziehung; Sexualität; Federal Republic of Germany; Jugendlicher; influence; simulation; gender; adolescent; model; religiöse Sozialisation; Gender; Modell; Toleranz; Einfluss; religious socialization; Einstellungsbildung; Agent-based modelling; social values; adolescents; sexual plurality; church
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Im toten Winkel - Genderdiskurs und Verkehrsmitteldesign
Titelübersetzung:In the blind spot: gender discourse and vehicle design
Autor/in:
Hinterhuber, Eva Maria; Möller, Simon
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 10 (2018) 1, S 115-129
Inhalt: Ziel des Beitrags ist, am Beispiel der Geschichte des Mobilitätsdiskurses das Gendering industrieller Massenprodukte im Fahrzeugbereich sowie dessen historische und gesellschaftliche Ausprägungen exemplarisch nachvollziehbar zu machen. Ausgangspunkt ist eine Definition von Design, die dessen diskursive Funktion fokussiert: Design selbst produziert Bedeutung und transportiert diese nicht nur. Vor diesem Hintergrund erfolgt ein diskursanalytischer Blick auf 'Gendered Mobility' - vom historischen Geschlechterkampf ums Fahrrad bis zu Entwürfen von 'Frauenautos' in der jüngeren Vergangenheit. Mittels einer solchen Analyse des gegenderten Mobilitätsdiskurses wird gezeigt, wie Design sowohl auf der Seite der Gestaltenden als auch auf der Seite der Konsumierenden an der performativen Herstellung von Geschlechtsidentität(en) und damit auch an der (Re-)Produktion der bestehenden, hierarchischen Geschlechterverhältnisse in der gegenwärtigen Wachstumsökonomie beteiligt ist - ein Vorgehen, das nicht auf Gender begrenzt ist, sondern auf weitere Diversitätsdimensionen und deren Intersektionen ausgeweitet werden kann.
Inhalt: The article aims to analyse the gendering of industrial mass products in the automotive sector using the example of the mobility discourse and to shed light on its historical and social manifestations. The starting point is a definition of design which focuses on its discursive function: Design not only transports meanings but also produces them. Against this backdrop, a discourse analytical perspective is applied to "gendered mobility" - from the historical battle of the sexes around the bicycle to the design of "women's cars" in the recent past. Based on such an analysis of the gendered mobility discourse, the article shows how design participates in the performative production of gender identity/ identities and thus also in the (re-)production of existing hierarchical gender relations in the current growth economy, both on the part of the designers and consumers. This approach is not limited to gender but can be extended to further diversity dimensions and their intersections.
Schlagwörter:Mobilität; mobility; Verkehrsmittel; means of transport; Design; design; gender-specific factors; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Fahrrad; bicycle; Kraftfahrzeug; motor vehicle; Marketing; marketing; Gender; gender; Stereotyp; stereotype; Gendered Design
Minority scholars and insider-outsider researcher status: challenges along a personal, professional and political continuum
Titelübersetzung:Minderheitenangehörigkeit und "Insider-Outsider"-Status: persönliche, berufliche und politische Herausforderungen
Autor/in:
Crean, Mags
Quelle: Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 19 (2018) 1, 16 S
Inhalt: In diesem Beitrag befasse ich mich mit methodologischen Fragen, die für Minderheitenangehörige entstehen, wenn sie Forschung unter einer "Insider-Outsider"-Perspektive betreiben. Rückgreifend auf Beispiele aus meiner Feldforschung veranschauliche ich, in welcher Weise Klassen- und Genderzugehörigkeit den Forschungs- und Auswertungsprozess beeinflusst haben. Ziel der Studie war es, gemeinsam mit den Teilnehmenden Wissen darüber zu generieren, wie Ungleichheit gelebt wird und infrage gestellt werden kann. Zugang und Rapport wurden durch meine eigene Herkunft aus der Arbeiterklasse erleichtert. Zugleich verhalf mir meine "Outsider"-Positionierung als Forschende und Akademikerin zu einer nuancenreichen Gestaltung der Forschungsbeziehungen. Darüber hinaus wurden mein Frau- und Muttersein wesentlich für die gemeinsame Auswertungsarbeit, woraus zusätzliches Wissen über den Zusammenhang von Klassenzugehörigkeit und Fürsorge erwuchs. Indem ich meine eigenen Positionierungen ins Zentrum stelle, können wichtige Fragen zum persönlichen, beruflichen und politischen Kontinuum für qualitative Forschung und genauer für die kollaborative Wissensproduktion in der partizipativen und Handlungsforschung behandelt werden.
Inhalt: In this article, I examine some of the methodological issues present for minority scholars when conducting research with an "insider-outsider" researcher status. Utilising examples from my fieldwork, I will expose how social class, care and gender identity along with positioning have impact on the research process and analysis. Based on a study that sought to collaboratively produce knowledge about how inequality is lived and challenged, I was able to gain access and build rapport with participants with my insider working class background. With my outsider positioning as a "researcher" and "academic", I encountered more nuanced relations in the research process, showing how one can also be an insider-outsider simultaneously. My additional identity and positioning as a woman and mother became influential factors to the collaborative analysis of the findings, from which I gathered new knowledge about the intersection of class and care. In placing my identity and positioning, in terms of class, care and gender, at the centre of this discussion of methodology, I raise important questions on a personal, professional and political continuum for qualitative research and the production of collaborative knowledge and action within the field of participatory research.
Feminism as Power and Resistance: An Inquiry into Different Forms of Swedish Feminist Resistance and Anti-Genderist Reactions
Autor/in:
Lilja, Mona; Johansson, Evelina
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 6 (2018) 4, S 82-94
Inhalt: This article explores how resistance and power are intertwined within the field of mainstream Swedish feminism, by analyzing some of its more visible expressions and strategies. These feminist resistance strategies could be described as circulating resistance (e.g., the #metoo campaign), public assemblies, the more subtle “disciplinary resistance”, and state feminism. The article illustrates how these different forms of resistance fuel different reactions from movements that reiterate different discourses of “anti-genderism”. In addition, some forms of feminism (state feminism and feminist disciplinary resistance) sometimes develop into, or overlap with, different technologies of power.
Schlagwörter:Schweden; Sweden; Feminismus; feminism; Gender; gender; Macht; power; Widerstand; resistance; Gender Mainstreaming; gender mainstreaming; anti-genderism; popular assemblies; state feminism
"Sweden Has Been Naïve": Nationalism, Protectionism and Securitisation in Response to the Refugee Crisis of 2015
Autor/in:
Ericson, Mathias
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 6 (2018) 4, S 95-102
Inhalt: Fake news, disinformation campaigns, xenophobia, political resentment, and a general backlash on equality issues mark the current political climate. In this context, the idealism of the Swedish welfare state has gained a specific symbolic value. This article investigates how the idealisation of Sweden as a modern and gender-equal country was articulated as a focal point in the establishment of threat and crisis narratives in the political debate of the refugee crisis of 2015. The article shows how progressive and egalitarian ideals were viewed as outdated and naïve, but at the same time put forward as core values worthy of protection. The title refers to the statement made by the Swedish Prime Minister in 2015 stating that “Sweden has been naïve” and serves as an example of how the myth of Sweden as an exceptionally modern, secular, and equal society was evoked in processes of securitisation, nationalistic protectionism, and normalisation of xenophobia. The article concludes that the articulation of Swedish exceptionalism in the establishment of threat and crisis narratives may reproduce and enhance social inequality and polarisation.
Schlagwörter:Schweden; Sweden; Sozialstaat; social welfare state; Sozialpolitik; social policy; Migrationspolitik; migration policy; Protektionismus; protectionism; Nationalismus; nationalism; Gender; gender; Gleichheit; equality; Gleichberechtigung; equality of rights; refugee crisis
SSOAR Kategorie:Sozialpolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Women's Coalitions beyond the Laicism-Islamism Divide in Turkey: Towards an Inclusive Struggle for Gender Equality?
Autor/in:
Çağatay, Selin
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 6 (2018) 4, S 48-58
Inhalt: In the 2010s in Turkey, the ruling Justice and Development Party's (AKP) authoritarian-populist turn accompanied the institutionalization of political Islam. As laicism was discredited and labeled as an imposed-from-above principle of Western/Kemalist modernity, the notion of equality ceased to inform the state’s gender policies. In response to AKP's attempts to redefine gender relations through the notions of complementarity and fıtrat (purpose of creation), women across the political spectrum have mobilized for an understanding of gender equality that transcends the laicism - Islamism divide yet maintains secularity as its constitutive principle. Analyzing three recent attempts of women's coalition-building, this article shows that, first, gender equality activists in the 2010s are renegotiating the border between secularity and piety towards more inclusive understandings of gender equality; and second, that struggles against AKP’s gender politics are fragmented due to different configurations of gender equality and secularity that reflect class and ethnic antagonisms in Turkish society. The article thereby argues for the need to move beyond binary approaches to secularism and religion that have so far dominated the scholarly analysis of women’s activism in both Turkey and the Nordic context.
The Traps of International Scripts: Making a Case for a Critical Anthropology of Gender and Sexuality in Development
Autor/in:
Roodsaz, Rahil; Van Raemdonck, An
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 6 (2018) 4, S 16-24
Inhalt: In this article, we look at colonialities of gender and sexuality as concepts employed in international aid and development. These international arenas reveal not only strong reiterations of modernist linear thinking and colonial continuities but also provide insights into the complexities of the implementation and vernacularisation of gender and sexuality in practices of development. Using a critical anthropological perspective, we discuss case studies based on our own research in Egypt and Bangladesh to illustrate the importance of unpacking exclusionary mechanisms of gender and sexuality scripts in the promotion of women’s rights and sexual and reproductive health and rights in postcolonial development contexts. We provide a conceptual analysis of decolonial feminist attempts at moving beyond the mere critique of development to enable a more inclusive conversation in the field of development. To work towards this goal, we argue, a critical anthropological approach proves promising in allowing a politically-sensitive, ethical, and critical engagement with the Other.
Schlagwörter:Kolonialismus; colonialism; Anthropologie; anthropology; Gender; gender; Sexualität; sexuality; internationale Hilfe; international aid; Entwicklungshilfe; development aid; woman; Menschenrechte; human rights; Postkolonialismus; post-colonialism; Feminismus; feminism; Ägypten; Egypt; Bangladesch; Bangladesh; Entwicklungsland; developing country; Nordafrika; North Africa; Südasien; South Asia; critical anthropology; development;
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Entwicklungsländersoziologie, Entwicklungssoziologie
Gender and the EU's Support for Security Sector Reform in Fragile Contexts
Autor/in:
Ansorg, Nadine; Haastrup, Toni
Quelle: JCMS Journal of Common Market Studies, 56 (2018) 5, S 1127–1143
Inhalt: How does the European Union (EU) include 'gender' within its support to security sector reform (SSR) programmes? The EU has committed to include gender perspectives by implementing the Women, Peace and Security agenda (WPS) within its foreign security practices. While researchers and practitioners recognise the importance of integrating gender issues into SSR operational effectiveness, there is limited knowledge about how this functions within the EU's security architecture. This article uses Feminist Institutionalism (FI) to understand the process of gender mainstreaming within the EU's support to SSR programmes. It does this by using two crucial theory‐testing cases of SSR programmes - Ukraine and Afghanistan. It finds that the EU's ability to promote gender inclusive approaches to SSR is limited by the structure of the EU's own assumptions and capabilities, and institutional constraints in third countries. At the same time, the cases underscore the importance of individuals as agents of change.