Die Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie in Deutschland : Bestandsaufnahme aus Sicht von Hochschulen und Nachwuchsforschenden
Autor/in:
Krempkow, René; Sembritzki, Thomas
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 39 (2017) 2, S 102–123
Inhalt: Der Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft und das Deutsche Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW) führten im Jahr 2015 Erhebungen zur Personalentwicklung für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs durch, die einen Themenschwerpunkt zur Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie enthielten. Zunehmende Relevanz und wissenschaftspolitische Thematisierung kommen diesem Schwerpunkt aufgrund eines sich verstärkenden Wettbewerbs um die besten Nach - wuchsforschenden – auch mit Unternehmen der Privatwirtschaft – zu. Schwierigkeiten mit der Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie spielen bei Nachwuchsforschen - den eine deutlich stärkere Rolle als Grund für einen angestrebten Wechsel in die Wirtschaft als noch vor einigen Jahren. In der Privatwirtschaft bilden Maßnahmen zur Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf bereits eine der wichtigsten und erfolgreichsten Rekrutierungsstrategien. Mit diesem Beitrag wird erstmals eine bundesweite Bestands - aufnahme zu entsprechenden Maßnahmen und Angeboten aus der Perspektive sowohl von Wissenschaftseinrichtungen als auch von Nachwuchsforschenden vorgelegt. (Autorenreferat)
Schlagwörter:Familie; Hochschule; Nachwuchsforschende; Vereinbarkeit Familie und Beruf
Doing Neoliberalism on Campus : The Vulnerability of Gender Equality Mechanisms in Estonian Academia
Autor/in:
Aavik, Kadri
Quelle: GV/GR (Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research), 18 (2017) 1, S 130–153
Inhalt: This paper explores the construction of a gendered neoliberal rationality in post-socialist academic settings. Drawing on interviews conducted with key stakeholders in four major Estonian universities, I trace how three key gender equality policy measures are conceptualised – quotas, workplace flexibility, and the involvement of men in efforts towards gender equality. The findings suggest that Estonian academic stakeholders fill these key gender equality policy ideas with meanings that distort the original purpose of these solutions, and thereby render these policy ideas counter-productive as mechanisms designed to bring about change in gender relations. Instead, these conceptualisations serve the interests of the neoliberal university, enabling and reinforcing the atomisation and exploitation of academic labourers, particularly women. Collectively, these articulations constitute, along with other practices, the ‘doing of neoliberalism’ in post-socialist university settings. Academic stakeholders do not (just) reflect an already established totalising neoliberal framework, but in fact discursively (and materially) create and reproduce what we have come to understand and refer to as ‘neoliberalism’ in academia. This has implications for devising and implementing gender equality policies in higher education in the post-socialist region, as the solutions applied elsewhere in Europe may not work in the same way in Central-Eastern Europe.
Schlagwörter:academia; academic stakeholders; affirmative action; Estland; Estonia; familienfreundliche Hochschule; feminized university; Frauen in der Wissenschaft; gender bias; gender equality policy; neoliberalism; post-socialism; Quote; racial bias; workplace felixibility
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Quelle: Review of Educational Research, 87 (2017) 1, S 204–239
Inhalt: This article critically reviews recent literature on the relationship between family formation and academic-career progression, emphasizing obstacles women face seeking a tenured position and beyond. Evidence indicates that the pipeline model is dominated by “ideal worker” norms. These norms impose rigid, tightly coupled, sequential, time-bound requirements on aspiring academics, making the raising of young children and advancing an academic career incompatible. Studies indicate that women with PhDs and young children are disproportionately more likely to leak out of the tenure-track pipeline. Lack of family friendliness is one of the chief reasons why women opt out of tenure-track careers. One way to increase the proportion of tenured women is to adapt the pipeline model by bolstering institutional work–family policies and providing child care centers. Departmental leaders can ensure that making use of work–family policies does not negatively affect tenure decisions. Collecting longitudinal data to evaluate how well policies are working is critical.
Schlagwörter:academic labor markets; faculty; family; gender equity; research productivity; tenure and promotion; work–family policies
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Understanding gender inequality and the role of the work/family interface in contemporary academia : An introduction
Autor/in:
Dubois-Shaik, Farah; Fusulier, Bernard
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 99–105
Inhalt: This double special issue gathers a series of nuanced critically conceptual and case-study research showing that in the contemporary European context, despite regional differences in gender regimes, political and economic demands and organizational cultures, work/life balance policies and their translation into practice remains a highly ambiguous issue. Although work/life balance policies have undoubtedly entered the university institutional spaces, they are deterred by opposing institutional policy logics and particularly ‘greedy’ logics of the organizing of work that still aligns to outdated work-exclusive masculine organizational culture (outdated because men too are suffering the effects, and because the academic environment is feminized). Moreover, there are lingering gender stereotypes around the value and attribution of home and work duties, which are having a significant impact upon women’s professional and private spheres and experiences in academic work. The gathered research shows how university institutions are still quite far from having addressed the core issues that undermine women’s career advancement and their possibilities to access to academic membership and leadership, still obliging them (and their male counterparts) to align with a work and membership (selection and progression) logic and organization that does not take into consideration parenthood, family and personal spheres of life.
The Avoidance of Bias Against Caregiving : The Case of Academic Faculty
Autor/in:
Drago, Robert; Colbeck, Carol L.; Stauffer, Kai Dawn; Pirretti, Amy; Burkum, Kurt; Fazioli, Jennifer; Lazzaro, Gabriela; Habasevich, Tara
Quelle: American Behavioral Scientist, 49 (2016) 9, S 1222–1247
Inhalt: The authors analyze bias avoidance behaviors, whereby employees respond to biases against caregiving in the workplace by strategically minimizing or hiding family commitments. They divide bias avoidance behaviors into productive types that improve work performance and unproductive types that are inefficient. Original survey data from 4,188 chemistry and English faculty in 507 U.S. colleges and universities suggest both types of bias avoidance are relatively common and women more often report both types of behavior. Regression analyses show few disciplinary differences, find supportive supervisors associated with reductions in reports of bias avoidance, suggest low levels of bias avoidance for women are linked to institutional gender equity, and support the possibility that there are subjective components to bias avoidance behaviors.
Schlagwörter:academic faculty; bias avoidance; Care; chemistry; english studies; family; gender equity; norms; work
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Can Anyone Have It All? Gendered Views on Parenting and Academic Careers
Autor/in:
Sallee, Margaret; Ward, Kelly; Wolf-Wendel, Lisa
Quelle: Innovative Higher Education, 41 (2016) 3, S 187–202
Inhalt: This article is based on data from two qualitative studies that examined the experiences of 93 tenure-line faculty members who are also mothers and fathers. Using gender schemas and ideal worker norms as a guide, we examined the pressures that professors experience amid unrealistic expectations in their work and home lives. Women participants reported performing a disproportionate amount of care in the home while simultaneously feeling unable to take advantage of family-friendly policies. In contrast, men acknowledged that, although their partners performed more care in the home, they felt penalized for wanting to be involved parents.
Schlagwörter:Elternschaft; familienfreundliche Hochschule; Geschlechterunterschied; Mutterschaft; USA; Vater; wissenschaftliches Personal
Wandel der Wissenschaft und Geschlechterarrangements : Organisations und Steuerungspolitiken in Deutschland, Österreich, Großbritannien und Schweden
Autor/in:
Aulenbacher, Brigitte; Binner, Kristina; Riegraf, Birgit; Weber, Lena
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 37 (2015) 3, S 22–38
Inhalt: Die universitäre Wissenschaft befindet sich in einem tief greifenden und weit reichenden Umbauprozess. Eine dominierende Entwicklungstendenz ist die Ökonomisierung, die sowohl das Verhältnis zwischen Organisation und Profession, als auch zwischen Staat und Markt neujustiert. Daneben lassen sich weitere Entwicklungen feststellen, etwa die Standardisierung der Studiengänge im Rahmen des Bologna-Prozesses, die Implementation von Gender Mainstreaming und Diversity Policies, sowie Auditierungen und Zertifizierungen, welche Universitäten eine neue Familienfreundlichkeit und Geschlechtergerechtigkeit bescheinigen. Diese Prozesse berühren die Geschlechterarrangements in der Wissenschaft. Der Beitrag fragt, wie die verschiedenen Entwicklungen einander beeinflussen und wirken. Er zeigt, dass die Gewichtung der verschiedenen Tendenzen, ihr Zusammenspiel und die Folgen für die Geschlechterarrangements länder- und organisationsspezifisch variieren.
Charta Familie in der Hochschule, konzipiert von zwölf Hochschulen in einem Projekt der Bosch Stiftung und des Centrums für Hochschulentwicklung - Eine Dokumentation mit Kommentaren, zusammengestellt von der duz
Tagungsbericht "Gleichstellung, Dual Career und Bestenauslese" : Tagung des Vereins zur Förderung des deutschen & internationalen Wissenschaftsrechts ; 7.-8. November 2013 Universität zu Köln
Autor/in:
Metzger, Marie
Quelle: Wissenschaftsrecht, 47 (2014) 1, S 91–100
Inhalt: On November 7th and 8th 2013 the Society of German and International Scholarly Law hosted a conference on gender equality, ,Dual Career' and selection of best at the University of Cologne. The diverse program with contributions by speakers from various backgrounds kept what the selection of topics promised. In addition to the legal analysis of the interplay between tender procedures, selection of the best and effective gender equality measures in academic life, numerous practical aspects in the field of gender equality were addressed. Thus an insight into the model of 'Dual Career' was achieved whose successes were later exemplified using the ETH Zurich. Towards the end of the event the 'cascade model' was introduced and a speech on recruitment and gender-blindness rounded off the program. The discussions after each contribution showed the topicality of the gender issue. All in all the hosts had their finger on the pulse of time with the selection of the subjects gender equality, 'dual career' and selection of the best. (HRK / Abstract übernommen)
Schlagwörter:Dual Career Couple; Familie-Beruf; Gleichstellung; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Hochschule; Leistungsbewertung; Recht; Wissenschaft
Profilelement Familienfreundlichkeit : Leitbildwandel in Hochschule und Forschung?
Titelübersetzung:Family-friendliness as a brand : Changes of mission statement in scientific organizations?
Autor/in:
Kahlert, Heike
Quelle: Sozialwissenschaften und Berufspraxis, Jg. 37 (2014) H. 1, S. 75-87
Inhalt: "Attentive observers of the German higher education landscape will know that science political actors as the HRK German Rectors' Conference and the German Council of Science and Humanities have been discovering family friendliness as profile building element in the process of restructuring scientific organisation(s). The paper starts from this continuing discourse and practice and situates it in the light of the debate about the shrinking and ageing German society. The author argues that the nearly consensual acceptance and promotion of family justice in and by academia expresses the advent of pronatalism in the German science politics. Thereby women are still understood as (prospective) mothers who now also are requested to work in high qualified jobs e.g. in scientific organisation(s). The empirical basis of the paper consists of qualitative interviews with academic managers in top positions." (author's abstract)