A Capabilities-based Gender Equality Policy for Higher Education : Conceptual and Methodological Considerations
Autor/in:
Loots, Sonja; Walker, Melanie
Quelle: Journal of Human Development & Capabilities, 17 (2016) 2, 260 S
Inhalt: The complex transformative intent of policy goals is often marginalized in favour of tangible, measurable outcomes. Such a pattern is evident in the tracking of global social justice goals, such as gender equality, where sole reliance on numerical parity data to track progress has led to the simplification of the concept for the sake of measurement. This intensifies the need to focus both on conceptual and methodological considerations in policy development and evaluation to enhance human development and promote the transformation of inequalities towards social justice. Through reporting on a mixed-methods process to inform and develop a capabilities-based gender equality policy at a South African university, the paper asks what gender equality should look like conceptually, and identifies empirically valued functionings and capabilities which could act as transformative policy evaluation indicators. The paper reports on diverse student data from 57 qualitative interviews and 843 survey respondents, which indicate differences between what social groups value and where interventions are needed. The paper suggests that the capabilities approach could be an important evidence-based policy driver in higher education, with the possibility to combine both a rich conceptual approach and methodological considerations in operationalization so that social justice goals and outcomes result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Rezension zu: Anita Engels, Sandra Beaufaÿs, Nadine V. Kegen, Stephanie Zuber: Bestenauswahl und Ungleichheit. Eine soziologische Studie zu Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern in der Exzellenzinitiative. Frankfurt am Main u.a.: Campus Verlag 2015
Autor/in:
Kahlert, Heike
Quelle: Querelles-Net, 17 (2016) 4
Inhalt: Das von Anita Engels, Sandra Beaufaÿs, Nadine V. Kegen und Stephanie Zuber vorgelegte Buch bündelt die Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Begleitforschung zur Chancen(un)gleichheit in der deutschen Exzellenzinitiative. Basierend auf einer eindrucksvollen Vielfalt an Forschungsmethoden und leider nur sehr kurz vorgestellten Theorien werden anregende Teilstudien etwa zu Arbeits- und Lebensbedingungen, Führungspositionen, Netzwerkeinbindung und Publikationstätigkeit der Mitglieder von Exzellenzeinrichtungen sowie Gleichstellungskonzepten der beteiligten Universitäten präsentiert, die sämtlich auf die Analyse von Abbau oder Reproduktion der Unterrepräsentanz von Wissenschaftlerinnen in Spitzenpositionen zielen. Schade ist, dass dabei die organisationale Perspektive vernachlässigt wird.
The Avoidance of Bias Against Caregiving : The Case of Academic Faculty
Autor/in:
Drago, Robert; Colbeck, Carol L.; Stauffer, Kai Dawn; Pirretti, Amy; Burkum, Kurt; Fazioli, Jennifer; Lazzaro, Gabriela; Habasevich, Tara
Quelle: American Behavioral Scientist, 49 (2016) 9, S 1222–1247
Inhalt: The authors analyze bias avoidance behaviors, whereby employees respond to biases against caregiving in the workplace by strategically minimizing or hiding family commitments. They divide bias avoidance behaviors into productive types that improve work performance and unproductive types that are inefficient. Original survey data from 4,188 chemistry and English faculty in 507 U.S. colleges and universities suggest both types of bias avoidance are relatively common and women more often report both types of behavior. Regression analyses show few disciplinary differences, find supportive supervisors associated with reductions in reports of bias avoidance, suggest low levels of bias avoidance for women are linked to institutional gender equity, and support the possibility that there are subjective components to bias avoidance behaviors.
Schlagwörter:academic faculty; bias avoidance; Care; chemistry; english studies; family; gender equity; norms; work
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Can Anyone Have It All? Gendered Views on Parenting and Academic Careers
Autor/in:
Sallee, Margaret; Ward, Kelly; Wolf-Wendel, Lisa
Quelle: Innovative Higher Education, 41 (2016) 3, S 187–202
Inhalt: This article is based on data from two qualitative studies that examined the experiences of 93 tenure-line faculty members who are also mothers and fathers. Using gender schemas and ideal worker norms as a guide, we examined the pressures that professors experience amid unrealistic expectations in their work and home lives. Women participants reported performing a disproportionate amount of care in the home while simultaneously feeling unable to take advantage of family-friendly policies. In contrast, men acknowledged that, although their partners performed more care in the home, they felt penalized for wanting to be involved parents.
Schlagwörter:Elternschaft; familienfreundliche Hochschule; Geschlechterunterschied; Mutterschaft; USA; Vater; wissenschaftliches Personal
Marriage and Baby Blues : Redefining Gender Equity in the Academy
Autor/in:
Mason, Mary Ann; Goulden, Marc
Quelle: The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 596 (2016) 1, S 86–103
Inhalt: Traditionally, gender equity in the academy is evaluated in terms of women’s professional success as compared to men’s. This study examines gender equity not only in terms of professional outcomes but also in terms of familial outcomes, such as childbirth, marriage, and divorce. Using data from the Survey of Doctorate Recipients as well as data from a 2002 to 2003 survey of the work and family issues facing ladder-rank faculty in the nine campuses of the University of California system, the authors followed more than thirty thousand Ph.D.s in all disciplines across their life course and surveyed more than eighty-five hundred active University of California faculty. Results indicate that gender equity in terms of familial gains is as elusive as gender equity in terms of professional employment, raising the fundamental issue of what gender equity means in a university setting or in any fast-track employment setting.
Family Friendly Policies in STEM Departments : Awareness and Determinants
Autor/in:
Su, Xuhong; Bozeman, Barry
Quelle: Res High Educ (Research in Higher Education), 57 (2016) 8, S 990–1009
Inhalt: Focused on academic departments in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields in the United States, we attempt to map department chairs’ awareness of family friendly policies and investigate possible determinants of their knowledge levels. Based on a sample of STEM department chairs in American research universities, we find that chairs only have limited knowledge of family friendly policies and face different incentives and constraints in pursuing more. Chairs prove more committed to family friendly policies if departments embrace a diversity strategy. Those aspiring to move up in the administrative hierarchy are more likely to champion policies of unpaid family leave, spousal hiring assistance and workload reduction for family reasons, whereas female chairs advocate more of family leave and onsite childcare policies. Departments self-assessed with less desirable status prove more knowledgeable about spousal employment assistance policy. We call for contingent understanding of family friendly policies and conclude the study by discussing research implications and developing policy recommendations. [...]