"The virus might infect you" : bewegt sich das Geschlechter-Technik-Gefüge?
Titelübersetzung:"The virus might infect you" : is the gender technology structure moving?
Autor/in:
Bath, Corinna
Quelle: metis : Zeitschrift für historische Frauenforschung und feministische Praxis, Jg. 9 (2000) H. 17, S. 48-66
Inhalt: Die Autorin beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welche Auswirkungen die gegenwärtigen Entwicklungen in der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie auf die feministische Theoriedebatte um die Kategorie 'Geschlecht' und auf das offenbar festgefahrene Geschlechter-Technik-Gefüge haben. Um den Wandel deutlich zu machen, skizziert sie zunächst einige Hauptentwicklungslinien der feministischen Theoriedebatte seit den 80er Jahren und diskutiert Ergebnisse aus theoretischen und empirischen Studien hinsichtlich des Stellenwerts postmoderner bzw. konstruktivistischer Ansätze für die Technikgestaltung. Anschließend beschreibt sie 'Grenzverflüssigungen' und Verschiebungen, die sich im gegenwärtigen Geschlechter-Technik-Gefüge andeuten, um aufzuzeigen, inwieweit Technologien als "mächtige Instrumente der Durchsetzung von Bedeutungen" (Haraway) für eine feministische Politik und Forschung - z.B. im "Cyberfeminismus" fruchtbar gemacht werden könnten. (ICI)
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Die Internationale Frauenuniversität "Technik und Kultur" - Meilenstein auf dem Weg zur Verwirklichung einer feministischen Utopie
Titelübersetzung:The International Women's University "Technology and Culture" - milestone on the road to the realization of a feminist utopia
Autor/in:
Kahlert, Heike
Quelle: Frauen in Hochschule und Wissenschaft - Strategien der Förderung zwischen Integration und Autonomie. Anina Mischau (Hrsg.), Caroline Kramer (Hrsg.), Birgit Blättel-Mink (Hrsg.). Symposium "Frauen in Hochschule und Wissenschaft - Strategien der Förderung zwischen Integration und Autonomie"; Baden-Baden: Nomos Verl.-Ges. (Schriften des Heidelberger Instituts für Interdisziplinäre Frauenforschung (HIFI) e.V.), 2000, S. 175-195
Inhalt: Die Verfasserin stellt die Utopie der Frauenuniversität im Kontext der aktuellen hochschul- und wissenschaftspolitischen Reformdiskussion von Frauen dar und skizziert den Reformdiskurs zur Gründung einer Frauenuniversität in Deutschland. Es schließt sich ein Überblick über Konzept und Leitideen der "Internationalen Frauenuniversität 'Technik und Kultur'" (ifu) an, die Sommer 2000 an verschiedenen deutschen Hochschulorten durchgeführt wurde. Im Mittelpunkt der ifu standen sechs Projektbereiche: Arbeit, Information, Körper, Migration, Stadt, Wasser. Die Verfasserin behandelt die Entstehungsgeschichte der ifu, berichtet über Kritik am ifu-Konzept und diskutiert abschließend mögliche Effekte einer autonomen Frauenuniversität auf die deutsche Hochschullandschaft. (ICE)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Hochschulen, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Thermodynamik und Geschlechterynamik um 1900
Titelübersetzung:Thermodynamics and gender dynamics around 1900
Autor/in:
Heinsohn, Dorit
Quelle: Feministische Studien, Jg. 18 (2000) Nr. 1, S. 52-68
Inhalt: Unter dem Stichwort "science of gender" geht die Autorin der Frage der naturwissenschaftlichen Konstruktion und Legitimierung von Geschlechterdifferenzen nach. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Thermodynamik und Geschlechterdynamik wird an einem um 1900 stattfindenden "Interdiskurs" festgemacht, in dem der Energieerhaltungssatz (1. Hauptsatz der Thermodynamik) als Knotenpunkt und Vehikel fungiert und der in der Auseinandersetzung der damaligen Zeit um das Frauenstudium als Modell einer "energetischen Ökonomie der Geschlechter" präsent ist. Das Entropieprinzip (2. Hauptsatz der Thermodynamik) geht als weiteres Element und "Diskussionshilfe" in den geschlechterpolitischen Diskurs von 1900 ein. Das Entropieprinzip wird zum Bestandteil eines umfassenderen "Degenerationsdiskurses" umfunktioniert, so dass Veränderungen der "natürlichen Geschlechterordnung" als Bedrohungs- und Untergangsszenarien erlebt wurden. (ICA)
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Perceived gender interaction and course confidence among undergraduate science, mathematics,
and technology majors
Autor/in:
Hughes, W. Jay
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 2, S. 155-167
Inhalt: "Questionnaire data (n=496) were used to examine the relationship between perceived
gender interaction in the classroom and course confidence for undergraduate science,
mathematics, and technology majors. Compared with male majors, female majors reported
significantly lower course confidence, recognition by and respect from instructors,
respect for female students from male peers, and confidence that course curricula
were gender-inclusive. Recognition by and respect from instructors explained 32% of
the variation in course confidence for female majors with female instructors; respect
from instructors explained 11% and 23% of the variation in course confidence for female
majors with male instructors and male majors with female instructors, respectively,
and instructor respect and academic achievement explained 26% of the variation in
course confidence for male majors with male instructors. Pedagogical implications
are discussed." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Against the odds : self-efficacy beliefs of women in mathematical, scientific, and technological careers
Autor/in:
Zeldin, Amy L.; Pajares, Frank
Quelle: American educational research journal, Vol. 37 (2000) No. 1, S. 215-246
Inhalt: "The purpose of this study was to explore the personal stories of women who selected
and continue to excel at careers in areas of mathematics, science, and technology
to better understand the ways in which their self-efficacy beliefs influenced their
academic and career choices. Analysis of 15 narratives revealed that verbal persuasions
and vicarious experiences were critical sources of the women's self-efficacy beliefs.
These findings suggest that the perceived importance of these sources of self-efficacy
believes may be stronger for women in male-oriented domains than for individuals operating
in traditional settings. Academic and relational self efficacy perceptions resulted
in the perseverance and resiliency required to overcome academic and career obstacles.
Findings support and refine the theoretical tenets of A. Bandura's (1986) social cognitive
theory, and they also suggest that critical tenets in this theory are consistent with
the work of C. Gilligan (1982) and N. Noddings (1992)." (author's abstract)|
Quelle: Journal of college science teaching, Vol. 29 (2000) No. 6, S. 428-431
Inhalt: "The article lists the women Nobel Prize laureates and questions why, with the exception
of Marie Curie, all these women scientists are not well known by the public; explains
why so few women have won the Nobel Prize in science and medicine as compared to other
fields." (author's abstract)|
Electronic communities : a forum for supporting women professionals and students in technical and scientific
fields
Autor/in:
Boyle Single, Peg; Muller, Carol B.; Cunningham, Christine M.; Single, Richard M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 2, S. 115-129
Inhalt: "In this article, we report on electronic discussion lists (e-lists) sponsored by
MentorNet, the National Electronic Industrial Mentoring Network for Women in Engineering
and Science. Using the Internet, the MentorNet program connects students in engineering
and science with mentors working in industry. These e-lists are a feature of MentorNet's
larger electronic mentoring program and were sponsored to foster the establishment
of community among women engineering and science students and men and women professionals
in those fields. This research supports the hypothesis that electronic communications
can be used to develop community among engineering and science students and professionals
and identifies factors influencing the emergence of electronic communities (e-communities).
The e-lists that emerged into self-sustaining e-communities were focused on topic-based
themes, such as balancing personal and work life, issues pertaining to women in engineering
and science, and job searching. These e-communities were perceived to be safe places,
embraced a diversity of opinions and experiences, and sanctioned personal and meaningful
postings on the part of the participants. The e-communities maintained three to four
simultaneous threaded discussions and were sustained by professionals who served as
facilitators by seeding the e-lists with discussion topics. The e-lists were sponsored
to provide women students participating in MentorNet with access to groups of technical
and scientific professionals. In addition to providing benefits to the students, the
e-lists also provided the professionals with opportunities to engage in peer mentoring
with other, mostly female, technical and scientific professionals. We discuss the
implications of our findings for developing e-communities and for serving the needs
of women in technical and scientific fields." (author's abstract)|
Laboratory talk and women's retention rates in science
Autor/in:
Conefrey, Theresa
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 3, S. 251-264
Inhalt: "Despite initiatives designed to increase women's participation in science, their
attrition rates remain high. To improve women's retention rates, this article proposes
a closer examination of the culture of science to discover what it is about it that
women might find uncomfortable, that could create a 'chilly climate' for them. A 2-year
ethnographic study of a university research laboratory group was conducted that identified
the group's communication style as problematic for some female members. A weekly meeting
was selected that exemplifies several of the dynamics of the communication style that
women at this laboratory had found problematic. An analysis of this meeting identified
specific features of the talk and examined research findings from the fields of language
and gender research and laboratory studies to explain why women might find these features
problematic." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A successful program for women faculty and graduate students in natural sciences,
mathematics and engineering at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Autor/in:
Rees, Margaret N.; Amy, Penny; Jacobson, Ellen; Weistrop, Donna E.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 4, S. 313-330
Inhalt: "In 1991, a 6-year program was initiated at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, to
stimulate the retention and promotion of women scientists, mathematicians, and engineers
and to support women graduate students in the same fields. The program included modest
financial support, mentoring, and networking opportunities for faculty and graduate
students. The results of the program suggest that such initiatives can increase the
number of women in science, mathematics, and engineering. Furthermore, with increasing
numbers, women faculty feel more comfortable in an institution. The presence of more
female mentors seems to have contributed to attracting and graduating more female
graduate students." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Career issues and laboratory climates : different challenges and opportunities for women engineers and scientists
Autor/in:
Rosser, Sue V.; Zieseniss, Mireille
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 2, S. 1-20
Inhalt: "A survey of fiscal year 1997 POWRE (Professional Opportunities for Women in Research
and Education) awardees from the National Science Foundation revealed that women engineers
and scientists face similar issues, challenges, and opportunities and think that the
laboratory climate has similar impacts on their careers. Separating responses of women
scientists from those of women engineers revealed that 70% of both groups listed balancing
work with family responsibilities as the most difficult issue. Discrepancies in percentages
of women, coupled with differences among disciplinary and subdisciplinary cultures
within science, engineering, mathematics, and technology fields, complicate work climates
and their impact on women's careers. More frequently than women scientists, women
engineers listed issues such as (a) low numbers of women leading to isolation, (b)
lack of camaraderie and mentoring, (c) gaining credibility/respect from peers and
administrators, (d) time management, (e) prioritizing responsibilities due to disproportionate
demands, and (f) learning the rules of the game to survive in a male-dominated environment.
Women engineers also listed two positive issues more frequently than women scientists:
active recruitment/more opportunities for women and impact of successful women in
the profession. The small number of women engineers may explain these results and
suggests that it may be inappropriate to group them with other women scientists for
analysis, programs, and policies." (author's abstract)|