Frauenamateurfußball in Rio de Janeiro - Umkämpfter Sport- und Stadtraum
Titelübersetzung:Women's Amateur Football in Rio de Janeiro - A Contested Urban Sport Space
Autor/in:
Haß, Julia
Quelle: PERIPHERIE - Politik, Ökonomie, Kultur, 36 (2016) 1, S 57-72
Inhalt: Der Artikel bietet eine Diskussion über die Rolle des Sports als einer Alltagspraxis zur (Neu‑)Verhandlung der räumlichen Genderbeziehungen in Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien. Als Sport von nationaler Bedeutung prägen Räume des Fußballs die Architektur und das tägliche Leben in der Stadt. Vor dem Hintergrund einer Geschichte aus Exklusion und Diskriminierung haben Frauen erst in den letzten Dekaden des 20. Jahrhunderts begonnen, diese Räume zu nutzen. Indem er seinen Blick auf Frauenamateurfußball in Rio de Janeiro richtet, analysiert der Artikel ungleiche Gender-Beziehungen in Sport und urbanem Raum. In den letzten paar Jahren wurde Frauenamateurfußball populärer; es entstanden neue Vereine, Teams und Wettbewerbe. Doch obwohl heutzutage Männer Fußballräume mit Frauen teilen, müssen Frauenteams und fußballbezogene soziale Projekte immer noch darum kämpfen, dass für Frauen und Mädchen mehr Sporträume in der Stadt eingerichtet werden.
Inhalt: This article offers a discussion on the role of sport as an everyday practice for the (re)negotiation of gendered spatial relations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. As the national sport, football spaces dominate the urban architecture and everyday life in Rio de Janeiro. Due to a history of exclusion and discrimination, women only started to use football spaces in the last decades of 20th century. Through focusing on women’s amateur football in Rio de Janeiro, the article analyses unequal gender relations in sport and in urban space. In the last few years, women’s amateur football has become more popular and new clubs, teams, and competitions have been created. Yet while today men share football spaces with women, women’s teams and football related social projects still struggle to make more sporting space for women and girls in Rio de Janeiro.
Schlagwörter:woman; Amateur; amateur; Fußball; soccer; Stadt; town; Sport; sports; öffentlicher Raum; public space; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Marginalität; marginality; Diskriminierung; discrimination; Brasilien; Brazil; Lateinamerika; Latin America
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Siedlungssoziologie, Stadtsoziologie
"Männer kämpfen, Frauen kochen?!" Zu den Geschlechterverhältnissen in der Euromaidan-Revolution 2013/2014
Titelübersetzung:"Men fight, women cook?!" Gender relations in the Euromaidan revolution 2013/2014
Autor/in:
Lange, Anja
Quelle: Femina Politica - Zeitschrift für feministische Politikwissenschaft, 24 (2015) 2, S 67-81
Inhalt: Die Euromaidan-Revolution war bereits der dritte politische Umsturz innerhalb weniger Jahre in der Ukraine. Frauen und Männer waren gleichermaßen daran beteiligt, jedoch werden Frauen oft "nur" als Helferinnen angesehen, da es doch vor allem die Männer waren, die die Revolution gemacht haben und die auf den Barrikaden standen und gekämpft haben. Der Artikel versucht mithilfe von Interviews, Blogeinträgen und wissenschaftlichen Texten die Geschlechterrollen am Euromaidan zu reflektieren und zu zeigen, welche Aufgaben und Zuständigkeiten Frauen und Männer am Maidan hatten.
Inhalt: The Euromaidan revolution is already the third political revolution in Ukraine in recent times. Men and women participated equally in this revolution, but women are often described as "only" being helpers while men "made" the revolution and actively fought at the barricades. The article aims to reflect the gender roles of men and women in this revolution. Interviews, blog notes and scientific articles are utilised to show the tasks and responsibilities of men and women at the Maidan.
Feminist thought(s) as dirty intellectuality: the case of Andrea Dworkin
Titelübersetzung:Feministische Gedanken als schmutzige Intellektualität: der Fall Andrea Dworkin
Autor/in:
Pivec, Natasa
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 7 (2015) 3, S 31-43
Inhalt: Das breite Spektrum feministischer Gedanken von der Kunst bis zur Erkenntnistheorie, die sich um Geschlecht und seine vielfältigen Arrangements in der Gesellschaft drehen, werden als "anders" oder "schmutzig" dargestellt, wenn diese sich nicht in vorherrschende erkenntnistheoretische Prämissen oder künstlerische Standards der hegemonialen Männlichkeit einordnen lassen. Das Konzept der Andersheit wird der Wissenden/ Produzentin aufgrund ihres Geschlechtes und ihres epistemischen Fokus zugeschrieben, der dichotome Rahmungen eines Körper-Geist-Dualismus, erkenntnistheoretische Traditionen, geschlechtsspezifische Berufseinteilungen, Geschlechtsbinarismus und Körpernormen konventioneller Weiblichkeit durchbricht. Das Leben und Werk der radikalen Feministin Andrea Dworkin wird in der Analyse herangezogen, um die folgende theoretische Prämisse des Artikels zu bestätigen: Eine Frau, die sich als Wissende positioniert, Wissen produziert und als Feministin (selbst)kategorisiert (wird), wird als eine Bedrohung für das System der Geschlechterordnung, seine Strukturen, Diskurse und Praktiken wahrgenommen.
Inhalt: The wide spectrum of feminist thoughts, from art to epistemology, which are centred around gender and its multi-leveled arrangements in society is, when not aligned with predominant epistemic premises or artistic standards of hegemonic masculinity, rendered as Other or dirty. The concept of Otherness is ascribed to the knower/ producer on behalf of her sex and her epistemic focus, which transgresses several dichotomous frameworks of the body-mind dualism, epistemological traditions, gendered categorization of professions, gender binarism and body norms of conventional femininity. The life and work of radical feminist Andrea Dworkin was analyzed in order to confi rm the theoretical premise of the article, namely that when a woman positions herself as a knower and produces knowledge, (self)categorized as a feminist, she is perceived as a threat to the system of structures, discourses and practices of the gender order.
Milena Jesenská und Alice Rühle-Gerstel: Konstruktionen gesellschaftlicher Nichtanerkennung
Titelübersetzung:Milena Jesenská and Alice Rühle-Gerstel: Reconstructing social non-recognition
Autor/in:
Darowska, Lucyna
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 7 (2015) 3, S 77-92
Inhalt: Den Ausgangspunkt des Artikels bildet die These, dass zwei bedeutende weibliche Intellektuelle des 20. Jahrhunderts, Milena Jesenská und Alice Rühle-Gerstel, bis heute im Verhältnis zu ihren Leistungen nur bescheidene Anerkennung erfahren haben. Nach der Darstellung der beachtlichen Leistungen der beiden Autorinnen und Aktivistinnen folgt eine Analyse der Rezeption. Insbesondere werden Momente identifiziert, die Fehlinterpretationen verursacht bzw. die Rezeption blockiert haben. Für diese Untersuchung werden theoretische Ansätze aus den Bereichen der politischen und Sprachphilosophie und der politischen Soziologie herangezogen. Neben den geschichtlichen und politischen Ursachen hat auch die asymmetrische Geschlechterordnung wesentlich zu einseitiger und zum Teil verfehlter Rezeption beigetragen. Die Mechanismen, durch die sich üblicherweise der Ruf einer Person bildet und stabilisiert, wie z.B. Präsenz in der Öffentlichkeit und Kontakt mit dem Publikum, waren nach dem frühen Tod beider Frauen nicht wirksam. Der Artikel zeigt die Notwendigkeit einer intensiveren Auseinandersetzung mit dem OEuvre und den Biografien Milena Jesenskás und Alice Rühle-Gerstels - auch innerhalb der feministischen Forschung - und will diesen Diskurs anregen.
Inhalt: The starting point for this article is the supposition that two significant female 20th century intellectuals, Milena Jesenská and Alice Rühle-Gerstel, have so far received only modest recognition for their achievements. The article briefly outlines the remarkable achievements of these two authors and activists and then analyzes the reception of their work. A number of events and processes can be identified which resulted in the misinterpretation and less than satisfactory consideration of their contributions. Theoretical approaches in the fields of political philosophy and political sociology are applied in the course of this analysis. Both the political system and asymmetrical gender power relations contributed in various ways to the false interpretation of the achievements of the two intellectuals. On account of their untimely deaths, both women were unable to build up their academic reputations, for example by means of being visible to and in contact with the public. The article demonstrates the need for further research into the biographies and legacies of Milena Jesenská and Alice Rühle-Gerstel, including from the feminist perspective. It also aspires to stimulate this critical discourse.
Madeleine de Scudéry - Intellektuelle avant la lettre?
Titelübersetzung:Madeleine de Scudéry - an intellectual woman in early modern France
Autor/in:
Hergenhan, Jutta
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 7 (2015) 3, S 61-76
Inhalt: Intellektuelles Engagement wird in Frankreich häufig mit männlichen Akteuren und einem couragierten Eintreten für die universellen Werte der Aufklärung assoziiert. Schon im frühmodernen Frankreich des 17. Jahrhunderts waren jedoch auch Frauen - entgegen bestehender Standes- und Geschlechterkonventionen - intellektuell tätig. Als Schriftstellerinnen und Salonbetreiberinnen thematisierten einige von ihnen die Ungleichheit von Frauen und Männern und entwarfen Modelle für respektvollere Geschlechterbeziehungen. Eine dieser - sowohl in anerkennendem wie auch in spöttischem Sinne - als "Preziöse" bezeichneten Frauen war die Schriftstellerin Madeleine de Scudéry. Da sie sich in ihrem literarischen Werk und auch in ihren persönlichen Lebensentscheidungen in unkonventioneller und reflektierter Weise mit für Frauen sehr problematischen Themen wie "Bildung", "Ehe" oder "Schreiben und Publizieren" auseinandersetzte, stellt sie gleichzeitig eine Ausnahmefigur ihrer Zeit und den Prototyp einer frühen Intellektuellen dar.
Inhalt: Madeleine de Scudéry - an intellectual woman in early modern France In France, the idea of intellectual endeavour is closely associated with male actors defending the universal values of the Enlightenment. However, women already led an intellectual life back in 17th century France, notwithstanding contemporary social and gender-related conventions. As writers and salon hostesses, several of these women pleaded for more respectful gender relations and criticized existing inequalities between women and men. Madeleine de Scudéry was one of these women, who were called précieuses by their contemporaries. In both her literary writing and the choices she made in her personal life she confronted difficult topics for women, such as "education and knowledge", "marriage" and "female authorship". Madeleine de Scudéry adopted unconventional positions and took unorthodox personal decisions, and engaged in a profound refl ection of women's living conditions, which made her both an exceptional fi gure in her time and the prototype of an early intellectual.
Females in cultural encryption: a review of eight Polish discourses on females with disabilities
Autor/in:
Borowska-Beszta, Beata
Quelle: International Research Journal for Quality in Education, 2 (2015) 5, S 1-12
Inhalt: This review contains the analysis of contemporary Polish discourses on females with disabilities. Special attention has been directed towards the femininity of women with intellectual or physical disabilities, and discourses conducted by special educators, adult educators, psychologists, sociologists, cultural anthropologists, philologists, artists etc. co-operating in Poland, in the areas of special education, andragogy from 1989-2015. Furthermore, I analyzed the selected media discourses, taking place in the public space. Text starts with the definitions of femininity in Polish dominant culture.
Indicated discourses were introduced in the context of the ontological, epistemological and research paradigms behind the researches of femininity and disability. Discourses are arranged on the ground of socio-political and cultural transformation in Poland after 1989, this mean the end of communist regime. I submit therefore in outline and analyze 26 years of changes in the discourses about females with disabilities in Poland. Discourses were introduced in chronological order of appearance in Polish culture, indicating also the scientific interests of researchers. First appeared the medical-clinical discourse and then andragogy, biographical, cultural, religious, literary, art and media discourses as well.
Schlagwörter:woman; geistige Behinderung; mental disability; Körperbehinderung; physical disability; Weiblichkeit; femininity; Polen; Poland; Diskurs; discourse; Kulturwandel; cultural change; sozialer Wandel; social change; sozialer Status; social status; soziale Wahrnehmung; social perception; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role
Die Positionierung des weiblichen Subjekts im politischen Raum: eine biographieanalytische Betrachtung der Karrierechancen ostdeutscher Politikerinnen
Titelübersetzung:The position of female biographical identity in the political space: a biography-analytical approach to the study of career opportunities of East German female politicians
Autor/in:
Hippmann, Cornelia
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 16 (2015) 2, S 249-263
Inhalt: "Der folgende Artikel leistet einen Beitrag zur Erforschung von Karrierechancen und -schwierigkeiten ostdeutscher Politikerinnen und begründet die Verwendung eines biographieanalytischen Zugangs. Er beruht auf den Ergebnissen meines Dissertationsprojektes Ostdeutsche Frauen in der Politik. Eine qualitative Analyse. In meinem Beitrag werden die Gründe diskutiert, weshalb gerade der biographieanalytische Zugang geeignet ist, um bisher von den Sozialwissenschaften vernachlässigte Themen der Durchdringung des 'äußeren' Lebensablaufs und der 'Innenweltaufschichtung' biographischer Erfahrungen zu erforschen. Dazu werden zentrale Ergebnisse der Untersuchung skizziert. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass 1989/90 politische und soziokulturelle Systemwechsel einmalige Gestaltungs- und Partizipationschancen für politisch ambitionierte ostdeutsche Frauen bot, um nach dem Aufbau einer neuartigen Politikszene eine Laufbahn als Parlamentarierin einzuschlagen. In dem Artikel wird thematisiert, dass sich die zeitgenössischen Mandatsträgerinnen tendenziell, nicht zuletzt auf Grund ihrer genderisierten Rolle, verschärften Paradoxien in ihrem politischen Handeln ausgesetzt sahen. Dieser Aufsatz will dazu beitragen, auf der Basis meines (abgeschlossenen) Forschungsprojektes konzeptionell die Situation von ostdeutsch-sozialisierten Frauen im politischen Raum aus biographietheoretischer Perspektive zu analysieren, zu diskutieren und das Besondere des Forschungsfeldes zu konturieren." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "The following article makes a contribution to the study of opportunities and difficulties of female East German political mandate holders, and justifies the use of an analytical biography approach. The article is empirically based on the results of my dissertation project East German women in politics. A qualitative analysis. In this present paper I discuss the reasons why exactly the biography-analytical approach is suitable to explore topics of the intertwining of 'outer' life course and 'inner' sedimentation of biographical experiences. The key results of my study are outlined. It is shown that especially the rapid political and socio-cultural change within the former GDR in 1989/1990 offered unique participation opportunities for politically ambitious East German women to pursue a career as parliamentarians after a radically new political scene had been set up. The article also focuses on the paradoxes that the contemporary female mandate holders tend to be confronted with; these paradoxes are exacerbated by the ascribed genderized roles of female politicians. On the empirical base of my (finished) research project, this paper attempts to generate analytical categories and to discuss with their help the work and life situation of women socialized in East Germany within political arenas. The analysis will be pursued in a biography-theoretical perspective, and some ofthe particular features of the field of research of East German women in politics will be formulated." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:neue Bundesländer; New Federal States; Federal Republic of Germany; Politikerin; ; Karriere; career; Chancengleichheit; equal opportunity; politische Partizipation; political participation; politisches Handeln; political action; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Rollenbild; role image; woman; Sozialisation; socialization; Biographie; biography; qualitative Methode; qualitative method; Sozialforschung; social research; narratives Interview; narrative interview; Geschlechterforschung; gender studies
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur, Erhebungstechniken und Analysetechniken der Sozialwissenschaften
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 52, S 15-22
Inhalt: The present study has been conducted to view the impact of modernization on gender roles. This was a quantitative study. The researcher has selected the area of Muzaffar Garh, And one hundred Advocates of Muzaffar garh are respondents. The researcher has study the socialization, decision-making, choice of marriage and household duties. Gender roles have been changed at a great extent due to modernization. Education played an important role for the progress and change in gender roles. The question comes in mind that is modernization good or bad. It had changed traditional gender roles. Now females have equal right in decision making. Females have choice to marriage and equal opportunity in education, and have easily access to university. Socialization of children and liberty are influenced due to modernization. It is concluded that male and female both are doing work out of home and in the home, due to which there have been created a gap and socialization of children is influenced. Our morals, values have remained back and we are not thinking about it. Females have choice to marriage, and male do not feel any hesitation to do house work. Modernization, mass media, technology and education have played important role to change gender roles.
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Allgemeine Soziologie, Makrosoziologie, spezielle Theorien und Schulen, Entwicklung und Geschichte der Soziologie
Identification of barriers to entrepreneurship of female household heads covered by Tehran welfare organization
Autor/in:
Shahmahmoudi, Reza; Danesh, Parvaneh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 43, S 60-72
Inhalt: One of the important tasks of social helpers is empowerment of vulnerable groups. One of these vulnerable groups is female household heads. One of the practices that can help empowering of them is to encourage female household heads to financial independence. Entrepreneurship is something that can lead to financial independence of female household heads. Moreover, entrepreneurship can lead to better mental and social health of this vulnerable group. The first step in empowering female household heads through entrepreneurship is to identify their obstacles and entrepreneurship problems. Because by identification of these barriers it can be done more appropriate measures in order to empower them. So, the aim of the present study is to identify entrepreneurship barriers of female household heads covered by Welfare Organization in Tehran. The method of the current study is survey. The statistical population of this research is all female household heads covered by Welfare Organization in Tehran that 350 of them were selected randomly.In order to collect data in this research, researcher-built questionnaire was used. In this research, the face validity and content aspect of the questionnaire were confirmed and reliability coefficient was obtained 0.81 using Cronbach’s alpha indicating desirable reliability of research questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed through self-creativity and then data were analyzed using SPSS software. Among problems that women encountered with them, the first ten ones are respectively the loss of fund to begin a job, existence of strictly official rules, gender discrimination and ignoring the ability of women by the society and responsible organizations, ignoring women in management affairs, over-concern about paying back the loans, emphasis on having personal fund instead of borrowing it from others, loss of pawn in order to get a loan, lack of proper support by government and governmental organizations, few facilities to begin a job by sponsor organizations, and unsuitable behavior of some organizations due to promotion of male-dominating in the society that statistically meaningful difference in prioritizing of these barriers was seen (p < 0.05). Considering the findings of the current research, the programs in order to support female household heads economically and special facilities for them can provide their entrepreneurship basis. Also, gender discriminations against women especially female household heads can be decreased through acculturating using media and national media. The findings of the current research can be useful for social helpers, sponsor organizations and policymakers in direction of empowering the female household heads.
A Genderless Protest: Women Confronting Romanian Communism
Autor/in:
Petrescu, Cristina
Quelle: Annals of the University of Bucharest / Political science series, 16 (2014) 2, S 79-101
Inhalt: Far from accomplishing its utopian plans of transforming society, communism did not turn gender equality into a reality either. This paper moves beyond the common-place approaches that simply underline the failures of this political system and presumes that women experienced communism in very diverse and often ambiguous ways, for public and private roles conflicted more often than not. From among the few individuals who dared to articulate critical thoughts on Romanian communism prior to its collapse of 1989, the present paper recuperates the experience of three women. Members of the urban educated elite, they believed nonetheless in different values and pursued different strategies of expressing discontent with the regime. These female critics of the communist system went beyond personal or group interests, but among the issues of public concern they raised none belonged to a feminist agenda. Yet, these women acted as if gender equality was a reality in Ceauşescu’s Romania: they considered themselves the equal partners of like-minded men, while their male peers accepted them as such, for equalitarian perceptions of genders shaped the public roles assumed by non-conformist Romanian intellectuals. The example of these three women does not prove that communism succeeded in redefining the status of women, but it illustrates how the urban educated social group experienced gender relations then. No feminists in thinking, these three women were so in their behavior. Their criticism of Ceauşescu’s communism was genderless, but it nonetheless strengthened the idea that women are no less than men.
Schlagwörter:Feminismus; feminism; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Widerstand; resistance; kulturelle Vielfalt; cultural diversity; woman; Dissident; dissident; Kommunismus; communism; sozialer Wandel; social change; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Rumänien; Romania
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur