Quelle: AK Chancengleichheit der DPG; Berlin, 2020.
Inhalt: Bad Honnef, 9. Februar 2021 – Seit April 2020 leben ca. 80% aller Arbeitskräfte weltweit aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie mit obligatorischen oder empfohlenen Schließungen von Arbeitsplätzen. Arbeitskräfte sind gezuwungen von Zuhause aus zu arbeiten. Bei der Arbeit im Homeoffice führen die fehlende Trennung von Beruf und Familie sowie die zusätzliche Belastung durch Homeschooling zu Stress, insbesondere bei Frauen. Das zeigt eine weltweit angelegte Online-Umfrage des Arbeitskreises Chancengleichheit der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft (DPG), an der zwischen Mitte April und Ende Juni 2020 über 1500 überwiegend aus Europa stammende Beschäftigte teilnahmen.
70 Prozent der Befragten hatten eine akademische Position inne und 43 Prozent einen Hintergrund in Physik. Paare (ohne Kinder) im Alter zwischen 30 und 39 Jahren mit mehr als zehn Jahren Berufserfahrung stellten dabei die größte Gruppe dar.
Die hauptsächlichen Stressfaktoren bei der Arbeit im Homeoffice waren die fehlende Trennung von Beruf und Familie sowie das Gefühl der Isolation. Weibliche Teilnehmende bewerteten diese Stressfaktoren signifikant höher als männliche. Der am häufigsten genannte Begriff in Freitextfeldern war dementsprechend „mangelnde Work-Life-Balance“ gefolgt von „Homeschooling“ und „emotionalen und mentalen Problemen“. Führungskräfte litten dabei mehr unter Stress durch Homeoffice als Personen ohne Führungsaufgaben. Trotzdem waren sie mit der Leistung ihrer Mitarbeiter sehr zufrieden.
Europäische Akademikerinnen sorgten sich insbesondere um negative soziale Auswirkungen; die häufigste Sorge bei europäischen Männern war hingegen eine finanzielle Stagnation bzw. Rezession für die Zeit nach der Pandemie. Das betraf vor allem Nichtakademier. Am meisten vermisst wurde das fehlende Feedback von Managern bzw. Kollegen.
Bei der Analyse der Freitexteinträge zeichnen sich zwei Gruppen ab: Eine Gruppe war überzeugt, dass die Pandemie eine Chance ist, Fernarbeit und Fernunterricht zu reformieren. Die zweite Gruppe fürchtete dagegen, dass der verstärkte Einsatz von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien die herkömmlichen Arbeitsinstrumente und -methoden ersetzen könnte.
40 Prozent aller fürchteten den Verlust ihres Arbeitsplatzes. Viele (35 Prozent) sorgten sich allerdings auch um den Wegfall der Möglichkeit, nach der Covid-19-Krise weiter im Homeoffice arbeiten zu können. Das betraf fast die Hälfte der weiblichen Akademiker in Europa und 26 Prozent der männlichen.
Quelle: University Library Hagen; University Library Hagen, 2020.
Inhalt: The International Network on Leave Policies and Research has been producing an annual review of leave policies and related research since 2005. The review covers Maternity, Paternity and Parental leaves; leave to care for sick children and other employment-related measures to support working parents; and early childhood education and care policy. The review is based on country notes from each participating country, prepared by members of the network and edited by several of the network’s coordinators. Each country note follows a standard format: details of different types of leave; the relationship between leave policy and early childhood education and care policy; recent policy developments; information on take-up of leave. The review also includes definitions of the main types of leave policies; and cross-country comparisons. These comparative overviews cover: each main type of leave; the relationship between leave and ECEC entitlements; and policy changes and developments since the previous review. The 2020 review covers 45 countries - and childcare and leave policy responses to COVID-19.
Generation Precarious : Exploring the relationship between working conditions for early-career researchers and the quality of teaching and research
Autor/in:
Forskerforbundet
Quelle: Oslo (Publication Series, 4), 2020.
Inhalt: Casualization is on the rise in higher education institutions (HEI) worldwide, particularly af-fecting working conditions and career prospects of young academics. They represent a vast pool of talent essential to meet future societal needs, yet this “generation precarious” increas-ingly questions whether it is worthwhile. In this paper we discuss the consequences of casual-ization for quality in teaching and research. We will present an overview of studies and sur-veys on employment terms, working conditions and career prospects for early-stage research-ers – the “generation precarious” – in Europe, with a particular eye to Norway. Based on this, we highlight concerns and potential consequences of precarious work and deterioratingworking conditions within the higher education system.
Schlagwörter:Befristung; early career researchers; Forschungsstand; Norwegen; prekäre Beschäftigung; wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Diversity, democracy and solidarity in EU societies
Autor/in:
Research Executive Agency
Quelle: European Commission; , 2020.
Inhalt: Can ethnographic case studies and quantitative research help to understand the ways stigmatised or conflictual youngsters engage with social, environmental and political issues, and how they create opportunities for social change? How will the concept of “democratic efficacy” help to counter populism? How do populists use social media? How could we use history to encourage debate amongst teenagers about religious tolerance?
The Horizon 2020 research projects presented in this brochure address these and many other questions, all sharing a common goal: helping understand how to create a more cohesive, inclusive and democratic Europe.
Schlagwörter:cultural heritage; cultural pluralism; democracy; European company; multi-level governance; research project; social change; social inequality; social integration; social movement; sustainable development; youth policy
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Europa und Internationales
“#nextGenerationEU” Leaves Women Behind : Gender Impact Assessment of the European Commission Proposals for the EU Recovery Plan
Autor/in:
Klatzner, Elisabeth; Rinaldi, Azzura
Quelle: , 2020.
Inhalt: "This study aims to provide an overview of potential gender impacts of the European Commission’s May 2020 proposals for a European Recovery and Resilience Fund in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its social and economic consequences. To this end, a preliminary gender impact assessment of the “#nextGenerationEU” proposals has been carried out. It puts forward recommendations on how to prevent potential negative or equality-jeopardising impacts, thus identifying the changes required in the legislative documents and the implementation process to pave the way for positive gender equality impacts of the EU Recovery Plan."
Schlagwörter:COVID-19; European Union; gender impact; recovery; resilience
Sexual Harassment in the Research and Higher Education Sector : National Policies and Measures in EU Member States and Associated Countries
Autor/in:
ERAC Standing Working Group on Gender in Research and Innovation
Quelle: European Research Area and Innovation Committee; Brussels, 2020.
Inhalt: Gender-based violence (here including gender harassment, sexual harassment, and sexual assault) is prevalent at all levels of higher education and research and in all disciplines. It has destructive consequences for individuals and institutions as well as for the quality of research and education. Despite this, questions of gender-based violence in higher education have received very little attention both in terms of research and on the policy level in Europe. The ERAC Standing Working Group on Gender in Research and Innovation1 calls on all stakeholders to take further concerted policy action to make the European Higher Education and Research Area a truly safe environment where all talents can thrive.
To map policy responses in the EU, the ERAC SWG GRI conducted a survey in Member States and Associated Countries that covered the policies, strategies, actions, and measures taken at the national and EU level to address gender-based violence in higher education and research. The survey’s focus was on strategies, measures, and actions at the national level, not the university/institutional level. This is an important limitation that guides both the reading of the material, the analysis, and the recommendations in the report.
Schlagwörter:gender-based violence; harassment; Policy; policy response; sexual assault
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Violence against Women: Psychological violence and coercive control : Study requested by the FEMM committee
Autor/in:
Jeney, Petra
Quelle: European Parliament; European Institution of Public Administration; 2020. 112 S
Inhalt: This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the FEMM Committee, explores whether psychological violence against women is criminalised in select EU Member States, how data is collected regarding this particular form of gender based violence and, in close relation to this, whether custody and visiting rights of perpetrators are affected.
Schlagwörter:Datenquellen; Europa; Gesetzgebung; Gewalt gegen Frauen; häusliche Gewalt; Ländervergleich; psychological wellbeing; sexual harassment; sexuelle Belästigung; violence against women
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt