Challenging Explanations for the lack of Senior Women in Science? Reflections from Successful Women Scientists at an elite British University
Autor/in:
Chapple, Alison; Ziebland, Sue
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 9 (2018) 3, S 298–315
Inhalt: Despite many initiatives to improve diversity, women working in science in the UK are still under-represented at senior levels. There are few studies drawing on the accounts of successful women scientists about gender discrimination and workplace stereotyping. We interviewed 39 women scientists working at an elite British university. A qualitative thematic analysis drew on three controversial ‘explanations’ for gender inequality in science, which are variously challenged by our data. The women we talked to were all ambitious and successful and (unsurprisingly, given this success) did not suggest that they have personally experienced serious discrimination in their careers. Some conceded that perhaps other women may not reach senior positions in science because of social expectations, low confidence or a lack of support. A few had experienced, or heard of, negative consequences of stereotyping, implicit bias or a ‘boys’ network’, whereby men met outside work for activities such as pub visits or football, which were the main reasons given to explain why some women do not progress to senior positions. Encouragingly some described how gender stereotypes are being resisted; these women scientists are themselves role models for junior colleagues.
The gendered modus operandi of the illiberal transformation in Hungary and Poland
Autor/in:
Grzebalska, Weronika; Pető, Andrea
Quelle: Women's Studies International Forum, 68 (2018) , S 164–172
Inhalt: Based on a comparative analysis of the ideological and policy tools of illiberal ruling parties in Hungary and Poland, this paper makes the case that the 21st century Central European illiberal transformation is a process deeply reliant on gender politics, and that a feminist analysis is central to understanding the current regime changes, both in terms of their ideological underpinnings, and with respect to their modus operandi. It argues that: 1. opposition to the liberal equality paradigm has become a key ideological space where the illiberal alternative to the post-1989 (neo)liberal project is being forged; 2. family mainstreaming and anti-gender policies have been one of the main pillars on which the illiberal state has been erected, and through which security, equality and human rights have been redefined; 3. illiberal transformation operates through the appropriation of key concepts, tools and funding channels of liberal equality politics which have been crucial to women's rights. The article describes some new and distinct challenges illiberal governance poses to the women's rights, feminist civil society and emancipatory politics in Hungary and Poland.
Der Hochschulsektor im föderalen Wettbewerb : Ländercheck Informatik
Herausgeber/in:
Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft
Quelle: Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft; , 2018.
Inhalt: Die Zahl der Studienanfänger im Bereich Informatik steigt überdurchschnittlich, das wissenschaftliche Personal aber hält mit dieser Entwicklung nicht mit. Nur jede zwanzigste Professur ist in der Informatik angesiedelt. Das sind Ergebnisse des im Mai 2018 veröffentlichten Länderchecks Informatik vom Stifterverband und der Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung.
Workplace Barriers and Leadership Conflicts Experienced by the Women in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia
Autor/in:
Alsubh, Afaf; Hoque, Kazi Enamul; Abdul Razak, Ahmad Zabidi
Quelle: IJLD (International Journal of Learning and Development), 8 (2018) 2, 1 S
Inhalt: Based on the published scholarly works, this paper attempts to explore and accumulate the challenges and barriers that Saudi women leaders in higher education are experiencing in their professional lives. For this purpose, literature review method has been adopted. Relevant scholarly articles published in 2004 to 2017 have been rigorously studied and cited. Findings of this paper suggest that women leaders in higher education generally experience assorted challenges, such as 1) socio-cultural, 2) organizational, 3) economical and 4) personal. They also encounter eight workplace berries, such as 1) gender-based stereotypes, 2) work-life conflict, 3) self-imposed constraints, 4) social network limitations, 5) biased organizational policies, 6) non-gender-based discrimination, 7) inadequate qualification and 8) minimal existing representation. The findings also suggest that these challenges and barriers decrease the job-performances of the women leaders while igniting conflicts with their male counterparts. This paper can be helpful to the policy maker in formulating effective solutions for women leadership conflicts in Saudi Arabia. Besides, it may create new scopes for the researchers and academicians to conduct empirical studies in this very realm.
Schlagwörter:Diskriminierung; Forschungsbericht; Führungsposition; Geschlecht; Hochschule; literature review; Saudi-Arabien
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
The Exploitation of Academic Work : Women in Teaching at Swedish Universities
Autor/in:
Angervall, Petra; Beach, Dennis
Quelle: High Educ Policy (Higher Education Policy), 31 (2018) 1, S 1–17
Inhalt: This study concerns some of the implications of the increasing commodification of the higher education sector. It tries to highlight how higher education institutions have developed in the late 2000s through the reform path that was introduced to transform programmes and employees into marketable products. New forms of governance that change institutional contexts and concrete practices accompany this change. Based on interviews with a group of female academic lecturers and teachers, we look in particular at how the work structure is organized and practised at Swedish universities. The results illustrate a greater division of labour and a fragmentation of academic work that can be explained by recent developments. More specifically, it appears as if female academics in teaching-intensive departments do work that serves the interests of others (often men), foremost in areas and practices such as research.
Schlagwörter:Arbeitsteilung; division of labor; Gender; Geschlecht; Geschlechterverhältnis; Governance; Lehre; Schweden; teaching; wissenschaftliche Arbeit
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Inhalt: We use data from six cohorts of university graduates in Germany to assess the extent of gender gaps in college and labor market performance twelve to eighteen months after graduation. Men and women enter college in roughly equal numbers, but more women than men complete their degrees. Women enter college with slightly better high school grades, but women leave university with slightly lower marks. Immediately following uni-versity completion, male and female full-timers work a very similar number of hours per week, but men earn more than women across the pay distribution, with an unadjusted gender gap in full-time monthly earnings of about 20 log points on average. Including a large set of controls reduces the gap to 5–10 log points. The single most important proxi-mate factor that explains the gap is field of study at university
Schlagwörter:Absolventen; Deutschland; Einkommensunterschied; Field of study; Gehalt; Gender Wage Gap; Germany; Teilzeitarbeit; University graduates
CEWS Kategorie:Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt, Studium und Studierende, Statistik und statistische Daten, Geschlechterverhältnis
Drittmittelaquise und Geschlecht : Eine empirische Analyse für Deutschland
Autor/in:
Grözinger, Gerd
Quelle: Hochschulmanagement. Zeitschrift für die Leitung, Entwicklung und Selbstverwaltung von Hochschulen und Wissenschaftseinrichtungen, 13 (2018) 1, S 13–17
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Why women don’t ask: Gender differences in fairness perceptions of own wages and subsequent wage growth
Autor/in:
Pfeifer, Christian; Stephan, Gesine
Quelle: IZA Institut of Labor Economics; (IZA Discussion Paper Series, 11320)2018.
Inhalt: The authors analyze gender differences in fairness perceptions of own wages and subsequent wage growth. The main finding is that women perceive their wage more often as fair if controls for hourly wage rates, individual and job-related characteristics are taken into account. Furthermore, the gender difference is more pronounced for married than for single women. This points to the fact that social norms, gender roles, and gender identity are at least partly responsible for the gap in fairness perceptions. Further analysis shows that individuals, who perceive their wage as unfair, experience larger wage growth in subsequent years. An explanation would be that a wage perceived as unfair triggers negotiations for a better wage or induces individuals to search for better paid work. Thus, differences in wage perceptions can contribute to explain the nowadays still persistent gender wage gap.
Schlagwörter:gender roles; Gender Wage Gap; social norms
CEWS Kategorie:Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
Diskriminierung im Auswahlprozess : Überschneidungen von ethnischer Herkunft und Geschlecht
Autor/in:
Baldsch, Sebastian; Heinisch, Christoph A.; Sieben, Barbara
Quelle: ZDfm (Zeitschrift für Diversitätsforschung und -management), 3 (2018) 1, S 68–73