Inhalt: Contrary to many African states’ restrictive COVID-19 measures in the first half of 2020, which had severe socio-economic and political effects, the Malian government appeared more moderate in its fight against the pandemic and even introduced social measures to alleviate the effects of COVID-19 (measures). However, increasing anti-government protests still culminated in a military coup in August 2020. In order to shed light on government commu- nication during that time as one factor in this paradox, this article focuses on the politics of care constructed by the Malian political elite between March and August 2020. The article uses an affective-discursive approach to analyse government communications and contrasts them with a feminist view of associations, NGOs, and activists. It shows that postcolonial, capitalist, and gendered path dependencies have decreased opportunities for care from the Malian state and increased the intersectional vulnerabilities of Malians to COVID-19 measures. In addition, the article demonstrates how the affective politics of domestic and international care that were maintained through the presidential discourse used securitisation and solidarity to construct subject positions that, however, incorporate rather than challenge the aforementioned inequalities.

Schlagwörter:Mali; Mali; Pflege; caregiving; Fürsorge; welfare care; soziale Ungleichheit; social inequality; Intersektionalität; intersectionality; Gesundheitspolitik; health policy; Sozialpolitik; social policy; Westafrika; West Africa; affect; care; political discourse; affective politics; COVID-19; power relations; pandemic

SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.46.2021.4.100-122

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Objective: The COVID-19 outbreak means far-reaching changes in the organization of daily lives. Disease-related literacy and factors such as age, gender, or education play a major role in shaping individual practices of protective behavior. This paper investigates different types and frequency of practicing protective behaviors, as well as socio-demographic factors that are associated with such behavioral change. Methods: Data stem from a cross-sectional survey in Germany. Three thousand seven hundred and sixty-five people were contacted, 3,186 participated in the survey. Information on behavior to lower the risk of becoming infected with COVID-19 was assessed by nine items (answer options yes/no). For each item, logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR), using education, sex, and age as main predictors and adjusting for partnership status and household composition. Results: People with lower educational level were less likely to avoid gatherings (OR = 0.63; 95%CI = 0.48–0.83), adapt their work situation (OR = 0.66; 95%CI = 0.52–0.82), reduce personal contacts and meetings (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.55–0.93), or increase hand hygiene (OR = 0.53; 95%CI = 0.38–0.73). Being female was associated with higher odds of protective behavior for most outcomes. Exceptions were wearing face masks and adapting the own work situation. Associations between respondents' age and individual behavior change were inconsistent and mostly weak. Conclusion: Disease specific knowledge is essential in order to enable people to judge information on COVID-19. Health education programs aiming at improving COVID-19 knowledge are helpful to build up appropriate practices and reduce the spread of the disease. Strategies are needed to guarantee easy access and better dissemination of high-quality news and fact-checks. Socioeconomic characteristics should be taken into account in the development of infection control measures.

Schlagwörter:Gesundheitsverhalten; demographic factors; Bildungsungleichheit; Epidemie; epidemic; Verhaltensänderung; behavior modification; educational inequality; Federal Republic of Germany; social inequality; soziale Faktoren; demographische Faktoren; health behavior; soziale Ungleichheit; social factors; ZA5664 v35.0.0: GESIS Panel - Extended Edition; ZA5667 v1.1.0: GESIS Panel Special Survey on the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Germany; COVID-19; Corona; daily practice

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.572561

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Recent changes in the organization of long-term care have had controversial effects on gender inequality in Europe. In response to the challenges of ageing populations, almost all countries have adopted reform measures to secure the increasing resource needs for care, to ensure care services by different providers, to regulate the quality of services, and overall to recalibrate the work-life balance for men and women. These reforms are embedded in different family ideals of intergenerational ties and dependencies, divisions of responsibilities between state, market, family, and community actors, and backed by wider societal support to families to care for their elderly and disabled members. This article disentangles the different components of the notion of ‘(de)familialization’ which has become a crucial concept of care scholarship. We use a fuzzy-set ideal type analysis to investigate care policies and work-family reconciliation policies shaping long-term care regimes. We are making steps to reveal aggregate gender equality impacts of intermingling policy dynamics and also to relate the analysis to migrant care work effects. The results are explained in a four-pronged ideal type scheme to which European countries belong. While only Nordic and some West European continental countries are close to the double earner, supported carer ideal type, positive outliers prove that transformative gender relations in care can be construed not only in the richest and most generous welfare countries in Europe.

Schlagwörter:Europa; Europe; Pflege; caregiving; Familie; family; gender; Gleichheit; equality; Migrant; migrant; care regimes; familialization; fuzzy set ideal type analysis; long-term care

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Verfügbarkeit:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/...

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt das bundesweite Kooperationsprojekt Erzählcafés 'Der Start ins Leben' vor. 2014 initiiert, will dieses Projekt Erfahrungen von Schwangeren und Gebärenden, aber auch von Vätern, Hebammen und Ärzt_innen sichtbar machen und diese dem negativ konnotierten Diskurs um die politische Situation der Geburtshilfe in Deutschland entgegenstellen. Es werden die Entstehung, das Vorgehen und die zentralen Ergebnisse der Aktion vorgestellt. Abschließend wird diskutiert, inwiefern die Aktion Erzählcafés Impulse sowohl für politische Protestformen und Veränderungen als auch für sozialwissenschaftliche Methodenentwicklung (im Sinne der partizipativen Forschung) geben kann." (Autorenreferat)

Inhalt: "This article presents the Germany-wide project Erzählcafés 'Der Start ins Leben' (Storytelling Café - A Good Start in Life) that was launched in 2014 as part of the political protest around birth and obstetrics that is ongoing in Germany. Its aim is to make the experiences of pregnant and birthing women, fathers, midwives and doctors visible in order to provide an alternative to the negative view of obstetrics in Germany. First, the political circumstances will be described. In a second step, the method and main results of the project will be presented. Finally, I discuss whether and how the project may be of use for bringing about political change as well as for developing new methods for the social sciences." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Schwangerschaft; pregnancy; Geburtshilfe; obstetrics; Hebamme; midwife; Mutter; mother; Vater; father; Körper; body; Diskurs; discourse; Gesundheitsversorgung; health care; Geburt; birth; Erzählung; narrative; Erfahrung; experience; Federal Republic of Germany; Gebären; Erzählcafé; Narrative based Medicine; Hebammenprotest; partizipative Forschung

SSOAR Kategorie:Medizinsoziologie, Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3224/gender.v9i2.06

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Seit Anfang der 2010er-Jahre sind Schwangerschaft und Geburt zu einem 'heißen' Thema der Politik geworden. Wichtige gesundheitspolitische Akteur_innen auf Länder- und auf Bundesebene haben sich u.a. mit der Versorgung mit Hebammenhilfe, der Schließung von Kreißsälen und den steigenden Kaiserschnittraten beschäftigt. Auch sind eine Reihe zivilgesellschaftlicher Protestaktionen und politischer Initiativen entstanden, die überwiegend von Praktiker_innen sowie jungen Müttern und Eltern getragen werden. Obwohl die politischen Auseinandersetzungen im Feld Schwangerschaft und Geburt in substanzieller Weise auch Fragen von Frauengesundheits- und Selbstbestimmungsrechten betreffen, sind sie bislang kaum Gegenstand feministischer Politikwissenschaft. Im Beitrag wird ein konzeptioneller Vorschlag formuliert, wie Maternity Care - verstanden als Ensemble aller leiblichen, sozialen, psychologischen, medizinisch-technischen, beziehungsorientierten Fürsorge- und Beziehungsarbeiten, die Frauen rund um Schwangerschaft, Geburt und der Zeit danach betreffen - als spezifisches, nicht zuletzt wohlfahrtsstaatlich reguliertes Politikfeld in den Gegenstandsbereich der (feministischen) Politikwissenschaft integriert werden kann." (Autorenreferat)

Inhalt: "Since the beginning of this decade pregnancy and childbirth have become a 'hot topic' in German politics. Health care officials have increasingly been concerned with issues regarding midwifery services, the closures of delivery rooms, and the rising number of C-sections. This growing political concern has been accompanied by many political protests and civil society initiatives, mainly supported by women's health practitioners and young mothers and parents. Even though these political discussions on maternity care revolve around crucial issues of women's (health) rights and self-determination, feminist political science has not yet systematically taken them into account. I propose an analytic framework to understand maternity care as bodily, social, psychological, medical, technical, and relationship-oriented care that is relevant for women during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. As such, maternity care can and indeed has to be integrated into the subject matter of (feminist) political science." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Schwangerschaft; pregnancy; Geburt; birth; Selbstbestimmung; self-determination; Fürsorge; welfare care; Hebamme; midwife; Gesundheitsversorgung; health care; Geburtshilfe; obstetrics; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Federal Republic of Germany

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3224/feminapolitica.v26i2.03

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Objective: To know women’s health behavior and their reason to seek for care in an emergency service. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study done with 18 women who were attended in a municipal emergency unit in the northwest of Paraná. These data were collected in November of 2015 with a semi-structured interview and subjected to content analysis, in thematic modality. Results: Two empirical categories were identified: “Women behaviors before health complications” shows that the initial conduct of women in situations of illness is self-medication and postponement to seek health services; and “reasons to seek emergency care service”, which shows that the demand for this level of service is driven by the perception of better resolution, effectiveness and agility, as well as proximity to home. Conclusion: It is common for women to delay seeking treatment because of gender-related responsibilities, and when they do it, they prefer to choose more resolute services.

Schlagwörter:woman; Gesundheitsverhalten; health behavior; Gesundheitsversorgung; health care; ambulante Versorgung; outpatient care; Nachfrage; demand; Gesundheitsdienst; public health services; Professionalisierung; professionalization; Brasilien; Brazil; Südamerika; South America

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i1.1-14

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of Diabetes Mellitus in Piauí State, in the Northeastern region of Brazil, between 2002 and 2012. Methods: An epidemiological study, with retrospective collection. Secondary data were used from HiperDia, system available in the DATASUS. Results: There were recorded 8551 cases, of which 75.4% of type 2 and 24.6% of type 1. In all the years of the study, the largest number of cases occurred in the age group of 40 to 59 years old, both the type 1 and type 2. The female gender was the most affected by the disease (60.37%). From the associated comorbidities, the one that presented a higher frequency was kidney disease both in patients with DM type 1 (3.4%), as in patients with type 2 DM (2.2%). Conclusion: The knowledge of the epidemiological profile is essential for the development of more effective health actions geared to the reality of DM in Piauí State, in the Northeast of Brazil.

Schlagwörter:Gesundheitsvorsorge; chronische Krankheit; demographic factors; Brazil; health care; prophylaxis; Gesundheitsversorgung; chronic illness; Prophylaxe; Epidemiologie; epidemiology; soziale Faktoren; Südamerika; demographische Faktoren; South America; social factors; Brasilien; Diabetes Mellitus

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i3.641-647

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Objective: To investigate the factors that influence man’s access to health services in primary care. Method: It is a descriptive and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out with eight men through focus group in October 2010. The data was analyzed based on the technique of the Collective Subject Discourse. Results: The users expressed precarious investment in the service organization from a gender perspective, reinforcing common sense that men are not the primary users, and remain subsidized by a patriarchal ideology. Conclusion: It is necessary to think about determining socio-historical-cultural ways of life, illness and death of the today’s man, and to establish a new paradigm men’s health in modern life.

Schlagwörter:Men’s health; primary health care; gender identity; nursing

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i2.302-308

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Migrant adolescent girls in India’s fast-growing urban-slum population face multiple intersecting vulnerabilities, including gender, poverty and migrant-status. The study aims to understand the opportunities and challenges for migrant adolescent girls in low-income urban slum settings. Qualitative data were collected through interviews with girls aged 12-19 who migrated during the past two years and non-migrant adolescent girls for comparison to explore their experiences in fast-growing Indore. A groupinterview with slum women’s group members discussedways to address challenges. Push/pull factors linked with different employment/educational opportunities between rural and urban areas motivated families of unmarried girls to migrate. Recently married girls joined city-based families or accompanied husbands who were labor migrants. Neither married nor unmarried girls played decision-making roles in migration. Married migrant adolescent girls faced challenges in accessing education, employment, social opportunities and services owing to restrictions on freedom of movement, weak social networks, and little awareness of opportunities and services. Childbearing migrant girls faced particular risks. Contact with their natal families being limited, the quality of relationship with husbands and marital families was crucial for married girls’well-being. Unmarried girls attending schools were positive about the migration experience, perceiving the city to offer greater educational opportunities. Through school, they accessed opportunities for new relationships and social activities. Not all unmarried adolescent-girls wereable to access opportunities owing to family restrictions and economic circumstances. These girls’ worlds remained small despite moving to a large city. Where girls’ economic and/or family and social circumstances allowed, migration entailed a positive change that enhanced their opportunities. Specific challenges of this population segment need focus in policies and programs, prioritizing three particularly vulnerable groups: girls who are neither in education nor employment, pregnant girls or new mothers, and those with difficult relationships in marital homes. Proactive outreach to raise awareness about opportunities and services and fostering social networks through front-line workers and slum women’s groups are recommended.

Schlagwörter:labor migration; Indien; soziales Netzwerk; adolescence; Schwangerschaft; slum; Familiensituation; pregnancy; Migrant; Arbeitsmigration; sozioökonomische Faktoren; large city; Adoleszenz; Jugendlicher; Großstadt; social inequality; Südasien; Slum; poverty; adolescent; migrant; Armut; health care; girl; marriage immigration; social network; Gesundheitsversorgung; Mädchen; socioeconomic factors; exclusion; Entwicklungsland; South Asia; Exklusion; India; family situation; soziale Ungleichheit; Heiratsmigration; developing country; married girls; internal migration; SDGs; women's groups

SSOAR Kategorie:Entwicklungsländersoziologie, Entwicklungssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheitspolitik, Migration

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880/201601

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Schlagwörter:häusliche Pflege; home care; Migrant; migrant; Pflegepersonal; nursing staff; woman; Ausbeutung; exploitation; Pflege; caregiving; Bedarf; demand; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Gesundheitspolitik; health policy; Federal Republic of Germany

SSOAR Kategorie:Gesundheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Migration

Verfügbarkeit:https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-50947-7

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz